Kefale Habtamu, Wang Linhai
Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China.
Department of Plant Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.
Front Genet. 2022 Nov 1;13:1002182. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1002182. eCollection 2022.
Sesame ( L.) is an ancient diploid oilseed crop with high oil content, quality protein, and antioxidant characteristics that is produced in many countries worldwide. The genes, QTLs, and genetic resources of sesame are utilized by sesame researchers and growers. Researchers have identified the many useful traits of this crop, which are available on different platforms. The genes, genotypes, QTLs, and other genetic diversity data of sesame have been collected and stored in more than nine genomic resources, and five sesame crop marker databases are available online. However, data on phenotypic and genotypic variability, which would contribute to sesame improvements, are limited and not yet accessible. The present study comprehensively reviewed more than 110 original published research papers and scientifically incorporated the results. The candidate genes, genotypes, and QTLs of significantly important traits of sesame were identified. Genetic resources related to grain yield and yield component traits, oil content and quality, drought tolerance, salt tolerance, waterlogging resistance, disease resistance, mineral nutrient, capsule shattering resistance, and other agronomic important traits of sesame were studied. Numerous candidate genotypes, genes, QTLs, and alleles associated with those traits were summarized and discovered. The chromosome regions and linkage groups, maps associated with the best traits, and candidate genes were also included. The variability presented in this paper combined with sesame genetic information will help inform further sesame improvement.
芝麻（Sesamum indicum L.）是一种古老的二倍体油料作物，含油量高、蛋白质优质且具有抗氧化特性，在世界许多国家都有种植。芝麻研究人员和种植者利用芝麻的基因、数量性状位点（QTL）和遗传资源。研究人员已经确定了这种作物的许多有用性状，这些性状可在不同平台上获取。芝麻的基因、基因型、QTL和其他遗传多样性数据已被收集并存储在九个以上的基因组资源中，并且有五个芝麻作物标记数据库可在线获取。然而，有助于芝麻改良的表型和基因型变异性数据有限且尚未可及。本研究全面回顾了110多篇已发表的原始研究论文，并科学地整合了研究结果。确定了芝麻重要性状的候选基因、基因型和QTL。研究了与芝麻籽粒产量和产量构成性状、含油量和品质、耐旱性、耐盐性、耐涝性、抗病性、矿质营养、荚果抗裂性以及其他农艺重要性状相关的遗传资源。总结并发现了许多与这些性状相关的候选基因型、基因、QTL和等位基因。本文还包括染色体区域和连锁群、与最佳性状相关的图谱以及候选基因。本文呈现的变异性与芝麻遗传信息相结合，将有助于为进一步的芝麻改良提供参考。
