Kim Kyungsik, Zhang Shuai, Ding Pan, Wang Yongdi, Yim Brain H, Hu Zheming, Sui Sihong
Department of Sport & Leisure Studies, Hoseo University, Asan-si 31499, Republic of Korea.
College of Physical Education, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China.
Healthcare (Basel). 2022 Dec 15;10(12):2549. doi: 10.3390/healthcare10122549.
This study aimed to compare the changes in physical activity (PA), chronic disease, and mental health indicators of Koreans before and after the COVID-19 outbreak, using raw data from more than 400,000 representative samples from the 2019-2020 Community Health Survey by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and to explore the correlations among them. We used two-way ANOVA to analyze changes and differences in PA and obesity levels. We assessed the influence of gender and recurrent PA using chi-square tests for mental health status and chronic disease. Finally, we performed a correlation analysis to determine the relationships among PA days, mental health, and chronic disease. The results showed that, compared to the levels before the COVID-19 period, moderate-intensity (Days: 1.4151.217; Time: 114.688107.321) and high-intensity (Days: 0.7980.671; Time: 112.866106.110) PA significantly decreased in Koreans during the COVID-19 period, while low-intensity (Time: 60.30561.735) PA increased. Before and during the COVID-19 period, men (18,436 (8.1%)16,124 (7.0%)) performed PA more regularly than women (13,207 (5.8%)9382 (4.1%)). Compared to the number of regular PA participants before the COVID-19 period, regular PA participants (male, female) decreased from 31,643 (13.8%) to 25,506 (11.1%) during the COVID-19 period. Compared with the levels before the COVID-19 period, the experience rates of stress (3.1%2.6%), depression (0.8%0.6%), HBP (3.0%2.2%), and diabetes (1.2%~0.9%) significantly changed under different levels of conventional PA intervention. In addition, the obesity rate during the COVID-19 period (23.957) was higher than it was before COVID-19 (23.477). During the COVID-19 period, the PA of Koreans was greatly restricted, but low-intensity PA was maintained and increased. PA is an effective activity for maintaining mental health and for preventing and reducing chronic diseases. Recommendations for appropriate intensity or a combination of high-, moderate-, and low-intensity PA should be based on the health status of Koreans to help them maintain mental health and to reduce the risk of chronic diseases during COVID-19 social distancing.
本研究旨在利用韩国疾病控制与预防中心2019 - 2020年社区健康调查中40多万份代表性样本的原始数据，比较新冠疫情前后韩国人身体活动（PA）、慢性病和心理健康指标的变化，并探讨它们之间的相关性。我们使用双向方差分析来分析PA和肥胖水平的变化及差异。我们通过卡方检验评估性别和重复性PA对心理健康状况和慢性病的影响。最后，我们进行相关性分析以确定PA天数、心理健康和慢性病之间的关系。结果显示，与新冠疫情前的水平相比，韩国人在新冠疫情期间中等强度（天数：1.4151.217；时间：114.688107.321）和高强度（天数：0.7980.671；时间：112.866106.110）的PA显著下降，而低强度PA（时间：60.30561.735）增加。在新冠疫情前后，男性（18436人（8.1%）16124人（7.0%））比女性（13207人（5.8%）9382人（4.1%））更经常进行PA。与新冠疫情前定期进行PA的参与者数量相比，在新冠疫情期间，定期进行PA的参与者（男性、女性）从31643人（13.8%）降至25506人（11.1%）。与新冠疫情前的水平相比，在不同水平的常规PA干预下，压力体验率（3.1%2.6%）、抑郁体验率（0.8%0.6%）、高血压（HBP）体验率（3.0%2.2%）和糖尿病体验率（1.2%~0.9%）显著变化。此外，新冠疫情期间的肥胖率（23.957）高于新冠疫情前（23.477）。在新冠疫情期间，韩国人的PA受到极大限制，但低强度PA得以维持并增加。PA是维持心理健康以及预防和减少慢性病的有效活动。应根据韩国人的健康状况，对适当强度或高、中、低强度PA组合提出建议，以帮助他们在新冠疫情社交距离期间维持心理健康并降低慢性病风险。
