Lee On, Park Soyoung, Kim Yeonsoo, So Wi-Young
Korea Institute of Sports Science, Seoul 01794, Korea.
Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
Healthcare (Basel). 2022 Jan 8;10(1):122. doi: 10.3390/healthcare10010122.
The present study aimed to describe the characteristics and rate of participation in sports activities, changes in sports, and the causes of these changes before and after the COVID-19 out-break in Korea using data from the 2020 Korea National Sports Participation Survey (KNSPS). Furthermore, evidence from this study could be used as basic data to maintain and promote sports activities given the current situation, in which the continued spread of infectious diseases, such as COVID-19, is likely. The KNSPS is an annual survey of subjective health and fitness, sports activities and conditions, and participation in sports activities, conducted among a sample comprising the entire Korean population. The current study analyzed data for 9000 participants, and descriptive statistical analysis was performed to calculate the frequency of each item and sample weight. The rate of regular participation in sports activities at least once a week was found to be 60.10% in 2020, representing a decrease of 6.48% from the rate observed in 2019. Among the types of sports facilities frequently used within the residential area, the most common facilities were private sports facilities (22.97%), other sports facilities (20.60%), and public sports facilities (18.97%), although the utilization rate for other sports facilities increased after the COVID-19 outbreak. After the COVID-19 outbreak, 34.12% of men and 29.72% of women responded that there had been a change in their participation in regular sports activities. Both before and after the COVID-19 outbreak, walking was the most common activity, although the participation rate increased from 29.23% in 2019 to 35.70% in 2020. The rankings and participation rates for indoor sports activities (bodybuilding, swimming, etc.) tended to decrease, while those for outdoor sports activities (climbing, cycling, etc.) tended to increase. These changes may be explained in part by the increasing concern regarding infection with increasing age, except among teenagers, and by economic factors. While participation in physical activity provides numerous health benefits, the COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative impact on regular participation in sports activities. The results of this survey suggest that government action is required to enhance participation in sports activities, even in the face of a pandemic.
本研究旨在利用2020年韩国全国体育参与调查（KNSPS）的数据，描述韩国新冠疫情爆发前后体育活动的参与特征、参与率、体育活动的变化情况以及这些变化的原因。此外，鉴于当前新冠疫情等传染病可能持续传播的情况，本研究的证据可作为维持和促进体育活动的基础数据。KNSPS是一项对包括全体韩国人口在内的样本进行的关于主观健康和体能、体育活动及状况以及体育活动参与情况的年度调查。本研究分析了9000名参与者的数据，并进行了描述性统计分析以计算各项的频率和样本权重。结果发现，2020年每周至少定期参加一次体育活动的比例为60.10%，比2019年的比例下降了6.48%。在居民区经常使用的体育设施类型中，最常见的设施是私人体育设施（22.97%）、其他体育设施（20.60%）和公共体育设施（18.97%），不过新冠疫情爆发后其他体育设施的利用率有所提高。新冠疫情爆发后，34.12%的男性和29.72%的女性表示他们定期参加体育活动的情况发生了变化。在新冠疫情爆发前后，步行都是最常见的活动，不过参与率从2019年的29.23%上升到了2020年的35.70%。室内体育活动（健身、游泳等）的排名和参与率趋于下降，而室外体育活动（登山、骑自行车等）的排名和参与率趋于上升。除青少年外，这些变化部分可能是由于随着年龄增长对感染的担忧增加以及经济因素所致。虽然参与体育活动对健康有诸多益处，但新冠疫情对定期参加体育活动产生了负面影响。本次调查结果表明，即使面对疫情，政府也需要采取行动来提高体育活动的参与度。
