Azienda USL Toscana Centro, Gynecology and Obstetric Department, Santa Maria Annunziata Hospital, 50012 Florence, Italy.
Azienda USL Toscana Centro, Gynecology and Obstetric Department, Santo Stefano Hospital, 59100 Prato, Italy.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Dec 12;19(24):16699. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192416699.
Many clinical conditions require radiological diagnostic exams based on the emission of different kinds of energy and the use of contrast agents, such as computerized tomography (CT), positron emission tomography (PET), magnetic resonance (MR), ultrasound (US), and X-ray imaging. Pregnant patients who should be submitted for diagnostic examinations with contrast agents represent a group of patients with whom it is necessary to consider both maternal and fetal effects. Radiological examinations use different types of contrast media, the most used and studied are represented by iodinate contrast agents, gadolinium, fluorodeoxyglucose, gastrographin, bariumsulfate, and nanobubbles used in contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). The present paper reports the available data about each contrast agent and its effect related to the mother and fetus. This review aims to clarify the clinical practices to follow in cases where a radiodiagnostic examination with a contrast medium is indicated to be performed on a pregnant patient.
许多临床情况需要基于不同能量的发射和使用对比剂的放射学诊断检查，例如计算机断层扫描 (CT)、正电子发射断层扫描 (PET)、磁共振 (MR)、超声 (US) 和 X 射线成像。需要进行对比剂放射学检查的孕妇代表了一组需要考虑母婴影响的患者。放射学检查使用不同类型的对比剂，最常用和研究最多的是碘化物对比剂、钆、氟脱氧葡萄糖、胃泌素、硫酸钡和用于对比增强超声 (CEUS) 的纳米气泡。本文报告了关于每种对比剂及其与母亲和胎儿相关的作用的现有数据。本综述旨在阐明在需要对孕妇进行造影放射学检查的情况下应遵循的临床实践。
