Chongqing Academy of Social Sciences, Chongqing 400020, China.
School of Business, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Dec 13;19(24):16735. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192416735.
Agricultural sustainability is the foundation and a guarantee of sustainable human reproduction. The scientific assessment of China's agricultural sustainability is a prerequisite for properly resolving the conflict between short-term economic interests and long-term ecological security. This paper uses the emergy analysis method to estimate agricultural sustainability in China and further calculates the agricultural environmental cost and green GDP. The results show that China's agricultural emergy yield rate (EYR) is generally greater than 1. This means that more emergy is obtained in relation to renewable and non-renewable inputs from human activity, which also indicates that China's agricultural agroecosystem is characteristic of a profound transition from a self-supporting tradition to a modern industry based on external economic resource consumption. In contrast, China's agricultural growth is mainly driven by the input of a large amount of non-renewable resources, which makes the environmental loading rate (ELR) increase year by year, resulting in the deterioration of China's agricultural emergy sustainability index (ESI). China's agricultural green GDP accounts for about 94.4% of traditional GDP, which means that the average agricultural environmental cost is about 5.6%, mainly from land loss, accounting for 48.23% of the environmental cost.
农业可持续性是可持续人类繁衍的基础和保证。科学评估中国农业的可持续性是妥善解决短期经济利益与长期生态安全之间冲突的前提。本文采用能值分析方法评估了中国农业的可持续性，并进一步计算了农业环境成本和绿色 GDP。结果表明，中国农业的能值产投比（EYR）普遍大于 1。这意味着与可再生和不可再生投入相比，人类活动从环境中获取了更多的能值，这也表明中国的农业农业生态系统正从自给自足的传统向基于外部经济资源消耗的现代产业转型。相比之下，中国农业的增长主要是由大量不可再生资源的投入驱动的，这使得环境负载率（ELR）逐年增加，导致中国农业能值可持续性指数（ESI）恶化。中国农业的绿色 GDP 约占传统 GDP 的 94.4%，这意味着平均农业环境成本约为 5.6%，主要来自土地流失，占环境成本的 48.23%。
