School of Economics, Shandong University of Finance and Economics, Jinan 250014, China; School of Public Administration and Policy, Shandong University of Finance and Economics, Jinan 250014, China.
School of Economics, Shandong University of Finance and Economics, Jinan 250014, China.
J Environ Manage. 2022 Aug 1;315:115066. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115066. Epub 2022 Apr 26.
The extensive use of land resources and environmental pollution in rural areas are two major problems prevalent in China and even the world. It is unknown whether improving the degree of intensive use of rural land can reduce environmental pollution; whether environmental pollution will be promoted or inhibited still lacks in-depth discussion. This paper first provides a theoretical analysis of the generation process of nonpoint source pollution loads (NPSP) in rural land use (RLU) and the mechanism and path of intensive rural land use (IRLU) to reduce agricultural nonpoint source pollution loads (ANPSP). Then, it takes 31 provinces in China from 1978 to 2019 as the research object to examine the temporal and spatial evolution features of IRLU and ANPSP. Furthermore, the paper uses the decoupling model and the Environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) model to test the linear and nonlinear relationship between the two. The research shows that the degree of IRLU in China decreased from 0.54 in 1978 to 0.27 in 2006, and then continuously increased to 0.56 in 2019. Moreover, the ANPSP continued to increase from 1955.14 t in 1978-3622.74 t in 2019. The decoupling relationship between the degree of IRLU and environmental pollution experienced the evolution process of "negative decoupling-decoupling", and the EKC had an "inverted N-shaped" characteristic. Overall, China shows that the IRLU helps to reduce ANPSP. At the same time, it was also found that there is obvious heterogeneity among the 31 provinces used in this research in China. Among them, the degree of intensive land use (ILU) in the principal grain-producing regions tends to be better and stable, while other areas show fluctuating changes. The ANPSP in economically developed areas gradually decreases, while that in underdeveloped areas continues to increase. More than 80% of the provinces in China show a trend of IRLU to advance the reduction of ANPSP, but there has also been an increase in the over-intensification of RLU in some major grain-producing areas. The research concludes that there is an inevitable relationship between RLU and ANPSP. Appropriately increasing ILU has a positive effect on decreasing ANPSP.
农村地区土地资源的广泛利用和环境污染是中国乃至世界普遍存在的两大问题。提高农村土地集约利用程度是否能降低环境污染，以及环境污染是会被促进还是抑制，仍缺乏深入的讨论。本文首先对农村土地利用中面源污染负荷（NPSP）的产生过程以及集约利用农村土地（IRLU）减少农业面源污染负荷（ANPSP）的机制和路径进行了理论分析。然后，以 1978-2019 年中国 31 个省份为研究对象，考察了 IRLU 和 ANPSP 的时空演变特征。此外，本文利用脱钩模型和环境库兹涅茨曲线（EKC）模型，检验了两者之间的线性和非线性关系。研究表明，中国的 IRLU 程度从 1978 年的 0.54 下降到 2006 年的 0.27，然后持续上升到 2019 年的 0.56。同时，ANPSP 也从 1978 年的 1955.14 t 增加到 2019 年的 3622.74 t。IRLU 程度与环境污染之间的脱钩关系经历了“负脱钩-脱钩”的演变过程，EKC 具有“倒 N 型”特征。总体而言，中国的 IRLU 有助于减少 ANPSP。同时，研究还发现，中国 31 个省份之间存在明显的异质性。其中，主粮产区的集约用地（ILU）程度趋于较好且稳定，而其他地区则呈现波动变化。经济发达地区的 ANPSP 逐渐减少，欠发达地区则持续增加。中国超过 80%的省份表现出 IRLU 推进 ANPSP 减少的趋势，但在一些主粮产区也出现了 RLU 过度集约化的趋势。研究结论认为，RLU 和 ANPSP 之间存在必然联系。适当增加 ILU 对减少 ANPSP 有积极作用。
