Matsuse Kanako, Abdelrahman Mostafa, Ariyanti Nur Aeni, Tsuji Fumitada, Hirata Sho, Nakajima Tetsuya, Sato Muneo, Hirai Masami Yokota, Manochai Benya, Shigyo Masayoshi
Division of Yamaguchi University and Kasetsart University Joint Master's Degree Program in Agricultural and Life Sciences, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan.
Molecular Biotechnology Program, Faculty of Science, Galala University, Suze 34511, Egypt.
Metabolites. 2022 Dec 14;12(12):1260. doi: 10.3390/metabo12121260.
In this study, targeted metabolome analysis was applied to identify the discriminative metabolites between Indonesian shallot landraces, Japanese long-day onion (LDO) varieties, and Japanese short-day onion (SDO) varieties. In total, 172 metabolite signal intensities were subjected to multivariate PLS-DA, VIP, and random forest modeling to gain further insight into genotype-specific metabolites. PLS-DA divides the examined genotypes into three different clusters, implying that shallot landraces exhibited a distinct metabolite profile compared with Japanese LDO and SDO varieties. The PLS-DA, VIP, and random forest results indicated that the shallot and LDO are richer in metabolite constituents in comparison with the SDO. Specifically, amino acids and organosulfur compounds were the key characteristic metabolites in shallot and LDO genotypes. The analysis of S-alk(en)yl-L-cysteine sulfoxide (ACSO) compounds showed higher accumulation in the shallot landraces relative to LDO and SDO varieties, which explains the stronger pungency and odor in shallots. In addition, the LDO showed higher ACSO content compared with the SDO, implying that long-day cultivation might enhance sulfur assimilation in the Japanese onion. The LDO 'Super Kitamomiji' and the shallots 'Probolinggo' and 'Thailand' showed higher ACSO content than other varieties, making it useful for breeding to improve the flavor and stress tolerance of onions.
在本研究中，应用靶向代谢组分析来鉴定印度尼西亚红葱地方品种、日本长日照洋葱（LDO）品种和日本短日照洋葱（SDO）品种之间的鉴别性代谢物。总共172种代谢物信号强度被用于多元PLS-DA、VIP和随机森林建模，以进一步深入了解基因型特异性代谢物。PLS-DA将所检测的基因型分为三个不同的簇，这意味着红葱地方品种与日本LDO和SDO品种相比表现出独特的代谢物谱。PLS-DA、VIP和随机森林结果表明，与SDO相比，红葱和LDO的代谢物成分更丰富。具体而言，氨基酸和有机硫化合物是红葱和LDO基因型中的关键特征代谢物。对S-烷（烯）基-L-半胱氨酸亚砜（ACSO）化合物的分析表明，相对于LDO和SDO品种，红葱地方品种中ACSO的积累更高，这解释了红葱中更强的辛辣味和气味。此外，与SDO相比，LDO的ACSO含量更高，这意味着长日照栽培可能会增强日本洋葱中的硫同化作用。LDO品种“超级北光”以及红葱品种“普罗博林戈”和“泰国”的ACSO含量高于其他品种，这使其在培育改善洋葱风味和抗逆性方面具有实用价值。
