Mertz Robert W, DeLorenzo Samuel, Sun Haina, Loeb Gregory, Scott Jeffrey G
Department of Entomology, Comstock Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA.
School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
Pest Manag Sci. 2023 Apr;79(4):1623-1627. doi: 10.1002/ps.7335. Epub 2023 Jan 11.
Drosophila melanogaster is a pest in vineyards because of its role in sour rot disease. Insecticides are commonly used, particularly late in the season, to control D. melanogaster and thus sour rot. Use of insecticides in vineyards and neighboring fruit production systems has led to the evolution of insecticide resistance in D. melanogaster, which is now widespread to commonly used insecticides like zeta-cypermethrin and malathion. Implementation of resistance management strategies is facilitated by an understanding of the mechanisms and genetics underlying the resistance.
Starting with a vineyard-collected strain of D. melanogaster (NY18), we selected for a strain that was 1100-fold resistant to zeta-cypermethrin and one that was 40-fold resistant to malathion. Resistance was inherited as an incompletely dominant trait for zeta-cypermethrin. Resistance to malathion was inherited differently between reciprocal crosses. Insecticide bioassays using insecticide synergists found resistance to zeta-cypermethrin was partly suppressible with either piperonyl butoxide or S,S,S-tributylphosphorotrithionate, while resistance to malathion was unchanged by the synergists and mutations in Ace associated with the resistance were found.
Resistance to zeta-cypermethrin is most likely due to enhanced detoxification, while the results with malathion were associated with two Ace alleles. How the newly selected strains can facilitate diagnostic tools for the identification of the mutations causing the resistance is discussed. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
黑腹果蝇是葡萄园中的一种害虫，因为它在酸腐病中起作用。通常使用杀虫剂，特别是在季节后期，来控制黑腹果蝇，从而防治酸腐病。在葡萄园和邻近的水果生产系统中使用杀虫剂导致了黑腹果蝇对杀虫剂产生抗性，这种抗性现在已广泛存在于常用杀虫剂如高效氯氰菊酯和马拉硫磷中。了解抗性背后的机制和遗传学有助于实施抗性管理策略。
从一个从葡萄园采集的黑腹果蝇品系（NY18）开始，我们筛选出了一个对高效氯氰菊酯具有1100倍抗性的品系和一个对马拉硫磷具有40倍抗性的品系。对高效氯氰菊酯的抗性作为一种不完全显性性状遗传。正反交中对马拉硫磷的抗性遗传方式不同。使用杀虫剂增效剂的杀虫剂生物测定发现，对高效氯氰菊酯的抗性可被胡椒基丁醚或三丁基三硫代磷酸酯部分抑制，而对马拉硫磷的抗性不受增效剂影响，并且发现了与该抗性相关的Ace基因突变。
对高效氯氰菊酯的抗性最可能是由于解毒增强，而马拉硫磷的结果与两个Ace等位基因有关。讨论了新筛选的品系如何促进用于鉴定导致抗性的突变的诊断工具的开发。©2022化学工业协会。
