Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2022 Dec 8;13:915394. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2022.915394. eCollection 2022.
Body mass index (BMI) has been widely recognized as a risk factor for metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, the relationship between the trajectory of BMI and cumulative incident MetS is still unclear. We investigate the associations of long-term measurements of BMI with MetS among young adults in the China Health and Nutrition Survey.
We enrolled individuals aged 10 to 20 at baseline with recorded BMI at each follow-up interview, and 554 participants were finally included in our study. The assessment and incidence of MetS were evaluated by blood tests and physical examinations in their adulthood. A latent class growth mixed model was used to identify three BMI trajectory patterns: a low baseline BMI with slow development (low-slow, n=438), a low baseline BMI with fast development (low-fast, n=66), and a high baseline BMI with fast development (high-fast, n=50). Logistic regression was used to explore the relationship between different BMI trajectories and the incidence of MetS.
During a follow-up of 16 years, 61 (11.01%) participants developed MetS. The combination of elevated triglycerides and reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was most frequent in diagnosed MetS. In multivariate adjusted models, the low-fast and high-fast BMI trajectories showed a significantly higher risk of MetS than those with the low-slow BMI trajectory (low-high: OR = 3.40, 95% CI: 1.14-10.13, P < 0.05; high-fast: OR = 5.81, 95% CI: 1.63-20.69, P < 0.05).
Our study identified three BMI trajectories in young adults and found that long-term measurements of BMI were also associated with cumulative incident MetS.
体重指数（BMI）已被广泛认为是代谢综合征（MetS）的一个危险因素。然而，BMI 轨迹与累积性代谢综合征事件之间的关系尚不清楚。我们在中国健康与营养调查中研究了年轻人长期 BMI 测量值与代谢综合征的关系。
我们招募了基线时年龄在 10 至 20 岁、且每次随访时均记录 BMI 的个体，最终有 554 名参与者纳入本研究。在成年期通过血液检查和体格检查评估代谢综合征的发生情况。采用潜在类别增长混合模型识别三种 BMI 轨迹模式：低基线 BMI 且增长缓慢（低-慢组，n=438）、低基线 BMI 且增长较快（低-快组，n=66）和高基线 BMI 且增长较快（高-快组，n=50）。采用 logistic 回归探讨不同 BMI 轨迹与代谢综合征发生的关系。
在 16 年的随访期间，有 61 名（11.01%）参与者发生了代谢综合征。在诊断为代谢综合征的患者中，最常见的组合是甘油三酯升高和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇降低。在多变量调整模型中，低-快和高-快 BMI 轨迹发生代谢综合征的风险明显高于低-慢 BMI 轨迹（低-高：OR=3.40，95%CI：1.14-10.13，P<0.05；高-快：OR=5.81，95%CI：1.63-20.69，P<0.05）。
本研究在年轻人中识别出三种 BMI 轨迹，并发现长期 BMI 测量值也与累积性代谢综合征事件有关。
