Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Department of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.
Front Public Health. 2022 Dec 14;10:1030710. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1030710. eCollection 2022.
Shift work is known to reduce productivity and safety at work. Previous studies have suggested that a variety of interrelated factors, such as mood, cognition, and sleep, can affect the performance of shift workers. This study aimed to identify potential pathways from depression, sleep, and cognition to work performance in shift and non-shift workers.
Online survey including the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), Cognitive Failure Questionnaire (CFQ), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), as well as two items representing work mistakes were administered to 4,561 shift workers and 2,093 non-shift workers. A multi-group structural equation model (SEM) was used to explore differences in the paths to work mistakes between shift and non-shift workers.
Shift workers had higher PSQI, CES-D, and CFQ scores, and made more mistakes at work than non-shift workers. The SEM revealed that PSQI, CES-D, and CFQ scores were significantly related to mistakes at work, with the CFQ being a mediating variable. There were significant differences in the path coefficients of the PSQI and CES-D between shift and non-shift workers. The direct effects of sleep disturbances on mistakes at work were greater in shift workers, while direct effects of depressive symptoms were found only in non-shift workers.
The present study found that shift workers made more mistakes at work than non-shift workers, probably because of depressed mood, poor sleep quality, and cognitive inefficiency. Sleep influences work performance in shift workers more directly compared to non-shift workers.
轮班工作已知会降低工作效率和安全性。先前的研究表明，多种相互关联的因素，如情绪、认知和睡眠，都会影响轮班工人的表现。本研究旨在确定抑郁、睡眠和认知对轮班和非轮班工人工作表现的潜在影响途径。
我们对 4561 名轮班工人和 2093 名非轮班工人进行了在线调查，调查内容包括流行病学研究中心抑郁量表（CES-D）、认知失败问卷（CFQ）和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI），以及代表工作失误的两个项目。我们采用多组结构方程模型（SEM）来探讨轮班和非轮班工人工作失误路径的差异。
轮班工人的 PSQI、CES-D 和 CFQ 评分较高，工作失误也比非轮班工人多。SEM 显示，PSQI、CES-D 和 CFQ 评分与工作失误显著相关，其中 CFQ 是一个中介变量。PSQI 和 CES-D 的路径系数在轮班和非轮班工人之间存在显著差异。睡眠障碍对轮班工人工作失误的直接影响较大，而抑郁症状的直接影响仅在非轮班工人中发现。
本研究发现，轮班工人比非轮班工人更容易在工作中犯错，这可能是由于情绪低落、睡眠质量差和认知效率低下所致。与非轮班工人相比，睡眠对轮班工人的工作表现影响更为直接。
