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一项荟萃分析表明，经颅交流电刺激可改善健康年轻成年人的认知表现。

A meta-analysis showing improved cognitive performance in healthy young adults with transcranial alternating current stimulation.

作者信息

Lee Tae Lee, Lee Hanall, Kang Nyeonju

机构信息

Department of Human Movement Science, Incheon National University, Incheon, South Korea.

Neuromechanical Rehabilitation Research Laboratory, Incheon National University, Incheon, South Korea.

出版信息

NPJ Sci Learn. 2023 Jan 3;8(1):1. doi: 10.1038/s41539-022-00152-9.

DOI:10.1038/s41539-022-00152-9
PMID:36593247
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9807644/
Abstract

Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation used for improving cognitive functions via delivering weak electrical stimulation with a certain frequency. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the effects of tACS protocols on cognitive functions in healthy young adults. We identified 56 qualified studies that compared cognitive functions between tACS and sham control groups, as indicated by cognitive performances and cognition-related reaction time. Moderator variable analyses specified effect size according to (a) timing of tACS, (b) frequency band of simulation, (c) targeted brain region, and (b) cognitive domain, respectively. Random-effects model meta-analysis revealed small positive effects of tACS protocols on cognitive performances. The moderator variable analyses found significant effects for online-tACS with theta frequency band, online-tACS with gamma frequency band, and offline-tACS with theta frequency band. Moreover, cognitive performances were improved in online- and offline-tACS with theta frequency band on either prefrontal and posterior parietal cortical regions, and further both online- and offline-tACS with theta frequency band enhanced executive function. Online-tACS with gamma frequency band on posterior parietal cortex was effective for improving cognitive performances, and the cognitive improvements appeared in executive function and perceptual-motor function. These findings suggested that tACS protocols with specific timing and frequency band may effectively improve cognitive performances.

摘要

经颅交流电刺激（tACS）是一种非侵入性脑刺激技术，通过以特定频率传递弱电刺激来改善认知功能。本系统评价和荟萃分析研究了tACS方案对健康年轻成年人认知功能的影响。我们确定了56项合格研究，这些研究根据认知表现和与认知相关的反应时间，比较了tACS组和假对照组之间的认知功能。调节变量分析分别根据（a）tACS的时机、（b）模拟的频段、（c）目标脑区和（b）认知领域确定效应大小。随机效应模型荟萃分析显示，tACS方案对认知表现有小的积极影响。调节变量分析发现，θ频段在线tACS、γ频段在线tACS和θ频段离线tACS有显著效果。此外，前额叶和顶叶后皮质区域的θ频段在线和离线tACS均可改善认知表现，且θ频段在线和离线tACS均可进一步增强执行功能。顶叶后皮质的γ频段在线tACS对改善认知表现有效，认知改善出现在执行功能和感知运动功能方面。这些发现表明，具有特定时机和频段的tACS方案可能有效改善认知表现。

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