Klink Katharina, Paßmann Sven, Kasten Florian H, Peter Jessica
Graduate School for Health Sciences, University of Bern, 3000 Bern, Switzerland.
University Hospital of Old Age Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, 3000 Bern, Switzerland.
Brain Sci. 2020 Dec 2;10(12):932. doi: 10.3390/brainsci10120932.
Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique that allows the manipulation of intrinsic brain oscillations. Numerous studies have applied tACS in the laboratory to enhance cognitive performance. With this systematic review, we aim to provide an overview of frequency-specific tACS effects on a range of cognitive functions in healthy adults. This may help to transfer stimulation protocols to real-world applications. We conducted a systematic literature search on PubMed and Cochrane databases and considered tACS studies in healthy adults (age > 18 years) that focused on cognitive performance. The search yielded = 109 studies, of which = 57 met the inclusion criteria. The results indicate that theta-tACS was beneficial for several cognitive functions, including working memory, executive functions, and declarative memory. Gamma-tACS enhanced performance in both auditory and visual perception but it did not change performance in tasks of executive functions. For attention, the results were less consistent but point to an improvement in performance with alpha- or gamma-tACS. We discuss these findings and point to important considerations that would precede a transfer to real-world applications.
经颅交流电刺激（tACS）是一种非侵入性脑刺激技术，可用于调控大脑的固有振荡。众多研究已在实验室中应用tACS来提高认知表现。通过本系统综述，我们旨在概述特定频率的tACS对健康成年人一系列认知功能的影响。这可能有助于将刺激方案转化为实际应用。我们在PubMed和Cochrane数据库上进行了系统的文献检索，并纳入了关注健康成年人（年龄>18岁）认知表现的tACS研究。检索结果为109项研究，其中57项符合纳入标准。结果表明，θ波-tACS对多种认知功能有益，包括工作记忆、执行功能和陈述性记忆。γ波-tACS提高了听觉和视觉感知的表现，但未改变执行功能任务的表现。对于注意力，结果不太一致，但表明α波或γ波-tACS可改善表现。我们讨论了这些发现，并指出在转化为实际应用之前需要考虑的重要因素。
