Galantine Paul, Sudlow Anthony, Peyrot Nicolas, Vercruyssen Fabrice, Bélard Chrystal, Dalleau Georges, Duché Pascale
Impact de l'Activité Physique sur la Santé (IAPS-UR n°201723207F), Université de Toulon, Toulon, France.
Movement-Interactions-Performance, MIP, Université Le Mans, EA 4334, Le Mans, France.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2023 Apr;123(4):911-921. doi: 10.1007/s00421-022-05121-z. Epub 2023 Jan 3.
The ability to produce muscle power during sprint acceleration is a major determinant of physical performance. The comparison of the force-velocity (F-v: theoretical maximal force, F; velocity, v and maximal power output, P) profile between men and women has attracted little attention. Most studies of sex differences have failed to apply a scaling ratio when reporting data. The present study investigated the sex effect on the F-v profile using an allometric model applied with body mass (BM), fat-free mass (FFM), fat-free mass of the lower limb (FFMLL), cross-sectional area (CSA) and leg length (LL) to mechanical parameters. Thirty students (15 men, 15 women) participated. Raw velocity-time data for three maximal 35 m sprints were measured with a radar. Mechanical parameters of the F-v relationship were calculated from the modelling of the velocity-time curve. When F and P were allometrically scaled with BM (p = 0.538; ES = 0.23) and FFM (p = 0.176; ES = 0.51), there were no significant differences between men and women. However, when the allometric model was applied to P with FFMLL (p = 0.015; ES = 0.52), F with CSA (p = 0.016; ES = 0.93) and v with LL (p ≤ 0.001; ES = 1.98) differences between men and women persisted. FFM explained 83% of the sex differences in the F-v profile (p ≤ 0.001). After applying an allometric model, sex differences in the F-v profile are explained by other factors than body dimensions (i.e., physiological qualitative differences).
在短跑加速过程中产生肌肉力量的能力是身体表现的主要决定因素。男女之间力-速度（F-v：理论最大力量F、速度v和最大功率输出P）曲线的比较很少受到关注。大多数关于性别差异的研究在报告数据时未能应用缩放比例。本研究使用异速生长模型，将体重（BM）、去脂体重（FFM）、下肢去脂体重（FFMLL）、横截面积（CSA）和腿长（LL）应用于力学参数，研究了性别对F-v曲线的影响。30名学生（15名男性，15名女性）参与了研究。使用雷达测量了三次最大35米短跑的原始速度-时间数据。F-v关系的力学参数由速度-时间曲线建模计算得出。当F和P与BM（p = 0.538；效应量ES = 0.23）和FFM（p = 0.176；ES = 0.51）进行异速生长缩放时，男女之间没有显著差异。然而，当将异速生长模型应用于P与FFMLL（p = 0.015；ES = 0.52）、F与CSA（p = 0.016；ES = 0.93）以及v与LL（p≤0.001；ES = 1.98）时，男女之间的差异仍然存在。FFM解释了F-v曲线中83%的性别差异（p≤0.001）。应用异速生长模型后，F-v曲线中的性别差异由身体尺寸以外的其他因素解释（即生理性质差异）。
