Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional Mexico City Mexico.
Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, Mexico.
Islets. 2023 Dec 31;15(1):1-11. doi: 10.1080/19382014.2022.2163826.
The following review focuses on the scientific studies related to the role of endocannabinoid system (ECS) in pancreatic islet physiology and dysfunction. Different natural or synthetic agonists and antagonists have been suggested as an alternative treatment for diabetes, obesity and metabolic syndrome. Therapeutic use of led to the discovery and characterization of the ECS, a signaling complex involved in regulation of various physiological processes, including food intake and metabolism. After the development of different agonists and antagonists, evidence have demonstrated the presence and activity of cannabinoid receptors in several organs and tissues, including pancreatic islets. Insulin and glucagon expression, stimulated secretion, and the development of diabetes and other metabolic disorders have been associated with the activity and modulation of ECS in pancreatic islets. However, according to the animal model and experimental design, either endogenous or pharmacological ligands of cannabinoid receptors have guided to contradictory and paradoxical results that suggest a complex physiological interaction. In consensus, ECS activity modulates insulin and glucagon secretions according to glucose in media; over-stimulation of cannabinoid receptors affects islets negatively, leading to glucose intolerance, meanwhile the treatment with antagonists in diabetic models and humans suggests an improvement in islets function.
以下综述重点介绍了内源性大麻素系统（ECS）在胰岛生理学和功能障碍中的作用的相关科学研究。不同的天然或合成激动剂和拮抗剂已被提议作为糖尿病、肥胖症和代谢综合征的替代治疗方法。对大麻素的治疗用途的研究导致了 ECS 的发现和特征描述，ECS 是一种参与调节包括食物摄入和代谢在内的各种生理过程的信号复合物。在开发出不同的激动剂和拮抗剂之后，有证据表明大麻素受体存在于包括胰岛在内的多种器官和组织中。胰岛素和胰高血糖素的表达、受刺激的分泌以及糖尿病和其他代谢紊乱的发展都与胰岛中 ECS 的活性和调节有关。然而，根据动物模型和实验设计，内源性或药理学的大麻素受体配体引导出相互矛盾和自相矛盾的结果，表明存在复杂的生理相互作用。总的来说，根据培养基中的葡萄糖，ECS 活性调节胰岛素和胰高血糖素的分泌；大麻素受体的过度刺激会对胰岛产生负面影响，导致葡萄糖不耐受，而在糖尿病模型和人类中使用拮抗剂的治疗表明胰岛功能得到改善。
