Rip M R, Epstein L, Disler P B, Taylor S P, Whittaker S, Derry C W, Sayed A R, Bourne D E, Klopper J M
Department of Community Health, University of Cape Town.
S Afr Med J. 1987 Sep 19;72(6):404-7.
Previous reports, based largely on the 1970 census and the 8th revision of the International Classification of Diseases, (ICD-8) have suggested that marked differences in mortality exist between population groups in the RSA. In this article the ICD-9 classification of causes of death and 1980 census are used to assess whether the trends have continued through to the present time. Total mortality data in the RSA for whites, coloureds and Asians for the 5-year period 1978-1982 are presented. The 1980 national census provided the denominator population data. Annual age- and sex-specific mortality rates were higher for coloureds than for whites or Asians, the differences being most marked in childhood. There appears to have been little change in total standardised mortality rates among whites over the 5-year period, while increases have occurred among coloureds of both sexes and among Asian males. Analysis of proportional mortality stresses the relatively large proportion of deaths accounted for by external causes and infections among coloureds and by cardiovascular diseases among whites and Asians. There is an urgent need for the health services to take note of these data in order to provide for the varied needs of the population.
以往的报告主要基于1970年人口普查和《国际疾病分类》第八版（ICD - 8），表明南非不同人群之间的死亡率存在显著差异。在本文中，使用国际疾病分类第九版（ICD - 9）死因分类和1980年人口普查来评估这些趋势是否持续至今。文中呈现了1978 - 1982年5年间南非白人、混血人种和亚洲人的总死亡率数据。1980年全国人口普查提供了分母人口数据。混血人种的年度年龄别和性别别死亡率高于白人或亚洲人，这种差异在儿童时期最为明显。在这5年期间，白人的总标准化死亡率似乎变化不大，而两性混血人种以及亚洲男性的死亡率有所上升。比例死亡率分析强调，混血人种中由外部原因和感染导致的死亡比例相对较大，而白人及亚洲人中由心血管疾病导致的死亡比例相对较大。卫生服务部门迫切需要关注这些数据，以便满足不同人群的各种需求。
