Department of Optics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17, Listopadu 50, 77146 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.
Sci Adv. 2023 Jan 6;9(1):eadf1070. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adf1070.
We propose heat machines that are nonlinear, coherent, and closed systems composed of few field (oscillator) modes. Their thermal-state input is transformed by nonlinear Kerr interactions into nonthermal (non-Gaussian) output with controlled quantum fluctuations and the capacity to deliver work in a chosen mode. These machines can provide an output with strongly reduced phase and amplitude uncertainty that may be useful for sensing or communications in the quantum domain. They are experimentally realizable in optomechanical cavities where photonic and phononic modes are coupled by a Josephson qubit or in cold gases where interactions between photons are transformed into dipole-dipole interacting Rydberg atom polaritons. This proposed approach is a step toward the bridging of quantum and classical coherent and thermodynamic descriptions.
我们提出了由少数场（振荡器）模式组成的非线性、相干和封闭系统的热机。它们的热态输入通过非线性克尔相互作用转换为具有受控量子涨落的非热（非高斯）输出，并能够在所选模式下传递功。这些机器可以提供具有强减小的相位和幅度不确定性的输出，这对于量子域中的传感或通信可能是有用的。它们可以在光机械腔中实现，其中光子和声子模式通过约瑟夫森量子位耦合，或者在冷气体中实现，其中光子之间的相互作用转换为偶极子-偶极子相互作用的里德堡原子极化激元。这种提出的方法是朝着桥接量子和经典相干和热力学描述迈出的一步。
