Department of Nutrition, School of Nursing, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30140-100, MG, Brazil.
Nutrients. 2022 Dec 22;15(1):44. doi: 10.3390/nu15010044.
This study aimed to assess the association between ultra-processed foods (UPF) consumption and some lifestyle factors during pregnancy and the baby's anthropometric measurements at birth.
Cross-sectional study conducted with immediate postpartum women and their babies. Food consumption during pregnancy was assessed retrospectively by a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire, and the baby's anthropometric measurements were obtained from the medical records. The percentual of energy from UPF was estimated, categorized in tertiles, and associated with the baby's anthropometric measurements using multinomial logistic regression, adjusting by maternal characteristics (per capita income, maternal age, gestational weight gain, parity, physical activity, and number of prenatal consultations).
A total of 626 immediate postpartum women and their babies were evaluated. The mean percentual of energy from UPF consumption during pregnancy was 30.56%. Before adjustment, there was a greater chance of insufficient birth weight among babies of immediate postpartum women in the highest tertile of UPF consumption (OR 1.72; 95% CI 1.09-2.70; = 0.020); however, such an association was not significant in the adjusted analyses.
No association between UPF consumption during pregnancy and baby's anthropometric measurements at birth was observed, probably due to the multifactorial nature of anthropometry and the interference of sociodemographic, gestational, and environmental factors in the baby's health outcomes.
本研究旨在评估孕妇怀孕期间超加工食品（UPF）的消费与某些生活方式因素与婴儿出生时人体测量学指标之间的关系。
这是一项横断面研究，纳入了产后即刻的女性及其婴儿。通过半定量食物频率问卷回顾性评估了孕妇怀孕期间的食物消费情况，并从病历中获取了婴儿的人体测量学指标。估计了 UPF 的能量百分比，并按三分位进行分类，然后使用多项逻辑回归，根据母亲特征（人均收入、母亲年龄、孕期体重增加、产次、体力活动和产前检查次数）对婴儿的人体测量学指标进行调整，分析 UPF 消费与婴儿人体测量学指标之间的相关性。
共评估了 626 名产后即刻的女性及其婴儿。怀孕期间 UPF 消费的能量百分比平均值为 30.56%。在未调整的情况下，UPF 消费最高三分位的产后即刻女性的婴儿发生低出生体重的可能性更大（OR 1.72；95%CI 1.09-2.70； = 0.020）；然而，在调整分析中，这种关联并不显著。
怀孕期间 UPF 的消费与婴儿出生时的人体测量学指标之间没有观察到关联，这可能是由于人体测量学的多因素性质以及社会人口学、妊娠和环境因素对婴儿健康结果的干扰。
