Jose Anju, Bavetta Maria Grazia, Martinelli Erika, Bronte Fabrizio, Giunta Emilio Francesco, Manu Kanjoormana Aryan
Department of Immunology, Amala Cancer Research Centre, Thrissur 680555, Kerala, India.
HepatOncology Section, Internal Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, Ospedali Riuniti Villa Sofia-V. Cervello, 90100 Palermo, Italy.
J Oncol. 2022 Dec 31;2022:3817724. doi: 10.1155/2022/3817724. eCollection 2022.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer in patients with liver cirrhosis of various etiologies. In recent years, there has been an advance in the knowledge of molecular mechanisms and a better staging definition of patients which has allowed the development of new therapies that have entered the therapeutic workup of these patients. Deep information on molecular drivers of HCC contributed to the development of targeted therapies with remarkable benefits. The novel strategies of targeting immune evasion using immune checkpoint inhibitors and CAR-T and TCR-T therapeutics have also shown promising results. For advanced diseases, the therapeutic algorithm has been recently updated, thanks to the efficacy of combining immunotherapy and antiangiogenic therapy in the first-line setting, and new drugs, both as single-agents or combinations, are currently under investigation.
肝细胞癌（HCC）是各种病因所致肝硬化患者中最常见的原发性肝癌。近年来，在分子机制的认识方面取得了进展，对患者的分期定义也更加完善，这使得新疗法得以开发并应用于这些患者的治疗评估中。关于HCC分子驱动因素的深入信息推动了具有显著疗效的靶向治疗的发展。使用免疫检查点抑制剂以及嵌合抗原受体T细胞（CAR-T）和T细胞受体T细胞（TCR-T）疗法靶向免疫逃逸的新策略也显示出了有前景的结果。对于晚期疾病，由于一线联合免疫治疗和抗血管生成治疗的疗效，治疗方案最近已得到更新，目前正在研究作为单药或联合用药的新药。
