Hoang Ba X, Han B O, Fang William H, Tran Hau D, Hoang Cuong, Shaw David G, Nguyen Thai Q
Nimni-Cordoba Tissue Engineering and Drug Discovery Lab, Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, U.S.A.
Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, U.S.A.
Cancer Diagn Progn. 2023 Jan 3;3(1):1-8. doi: 10.21873/cdp.10172. eCollection 2023 Jan-Feb.
One of the major hallmarks of many cancer cells is dedifferentiated cells (immature cells) with little or no resemblance to normal cells. Besides the poor differentiation, malignant cells also have important features such as aggressiveness and resistance to different therapeutics. Differentiation potentiators hold great promise for cancer treatment. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is a well-characterized pharmaceutical solvent. It is used as a component of numerous cancer therapeutic approaches, including cancer treatment and several approved cancer immune therapeutics such as Car-T cell therapy and the FDA-approved drug Mekinist (trametinib DMSO) for melanoma treatment. It is also biologically recognized as a pharmaceutical solvent and cryoprotectant. In the current literature, there are no mentions of DMSO's possible ability to potentiate therapeutic activity as a component of these cancer treatments. This review aimed to summarize scientific evidence and substantiate the concept that DMSO can contribute positively to the overall efficacy of cancer treatment as an adjuvant that is safe, inexpensive, and an effective differentiation-inducing therapeutic agent.
许多癌细胞的主要特征之一是去分化细胞（未成熟细胞），与正常细胞几乎没有相似之处。除了分化不良外，恶性细胞还具有侵袭性和对不同疗法的抗性等重要特征。分化增强剂在癌症治疗方面前景广阔。二甲基亚砜（DMSO）是一种特性明确的药用溶剂。它被用作众多癌症治疗方法的成分，包括癌症治疗以及几种获批的癌症免疫疗法，如嵌合抗原受体T细胞（Car-T）疗法和美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）批准用于治疗黑色素瘤的药物Mekinist（曲美替尼二甲基亚砜）。它在生物学上也被公认为一种药用溶剂和冷冻保护剂。在当前文献中，没有提及DMSO作为这些癌症治疗成分可能具有增强治疗活性的能力。本综述旨在总结科学证据，并证实DMSO作为一种安全、廉价且有效的诱导分化治疗剂，作为辅助剂可对癌症治疗的总体疗效产生积极贡献这一概念。
