Pleijter Alexander R J
Universiteit Leiden, Centre for Linguistics, afd. Journalistiek en Nieuwe Media, Leiden.
Contact: Alexander R.J. Pleijter (
Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 2022 Dec 14;166:D7254.
A lot of medical misinformation circulates on the Internet - especially social media. During the corona crisis, this became an acute and prominent problem. Countering medical misinformation can be done with debunking (refuting misinformation with fact checks) and prebunking (warning people about misinformation and teaching them to recognize it). Research shows that debunking helps correct misconceptions created by misinformation, although the effect is limited. Although this is sometimes suggested, it is not true that corrections or factchecks actually cause misconceptions to be reinforced. Prebunking is also effective, although it can also cause people to distrust reliable information as well.
互联网上流传着大量医学错误信息,尤其是在社交媒体上。在新冠疫情危机期间,这成为了一个尖锐且突出的问题。应对医学错误信息可以通过辟谣(用事实核查驳斥错误信息)和预辟谣(警告人们有关错误信息并教他们识别它)来实现。研究表明,辟谣有助于纠正错误信息造成的误解,尽管效果有限。虽然有时有人这样认为,但纠正或事实核查实际上会强化误解这种说法是不正确的。预辟谣也很有效,不过它也可能导致人们不信任可靠信息。