Rhew Kiyon, Choi Jisu, Kim Kyungim, Choi Kyung Hee, Lee So-Hee, Park Heung-Woo
College of Pharmacy, Dongduk Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Korea University, Sejong, Republic of Korea.
Clin Epidemiol. 2023 Jan 5;15:31-38. doi: 10.2147/CLEP.S394717. eCollection 2023.
Asthma can cause a systemic inflammatory response, and anemia of chronic disease (ACD) is known to be caused by other disorders with a chronic inflammatory state. However, it is unclear whether the incidence of anemia is increased in patients with asthma. The objective of this study was to compare the incidence of anemia in patients with asthma and healthy adults.
This retrospective cohort study included patients newly diagnosed with asthma at Seoul National University Hospital from 2010 to 2017. Patients with comorbidities before the first visit (index date) that may increase anemia risk were excluded. Cox regression models adjusting for patient age, sex, and obesity were used to compare anemia hazard ratios (HRs) between asthma patients (n=1354) and healthy adults (n=1731).
This study included 3085 patients. During 5-y follow-up, anemia occurred in 203 (15.0%) patients with asthma and 79 (4.6%) healthy adults. Compared with healthy adults, the HR for anemia after adjusting for age, sex, and obesity was 4.06 (95% CI: 2.70-6.09) in patients with asthma. In patients aged 18-64.9 y, the adjusted HR of anemia was 3.27 (95% CI: 2.12-5.04) in patients with asthma, compared to healthy patients. In patients >65 y, this adjusted HR was 5.56 (95% CI: 1.31-23.67).
The risk of anemia was increased in patients with asthma after adjusting for sex, age, and obesity and excluding comorbidities that can cause anemia. These results suggest the need for regular monitoring for anemia in patients with asthma.
哮喘可引发全身炎症反应，而慢性病贫血（ACD）已知由其他伴有慢性炎症状态的疾病引起。然而，哮喘患者贫血发生率是否增加尚不清楚。本研究的目的是比较哮喘患者与健康成年人的贫血发生率。
这项回顾性队列研究纳入了2010年至2017年在首尔国立大学医院新诊断为哮喘的患者。排除首次就诊（索引日期）前可能增加贫血风险的合并症患者。使用调整患者年龄、性别和肥胖因素的Cox回归模型比较哮喘患者（n = 1354）和健康成年人（n = 1731）之间的贫血风险比（HRs）。
本研究共纳入3085例患者。在5年随访期间，203例（15.0%）哮喘患者和79例（4.6%）健康成年人发生贫血。与健康成年人相比，调整年龄、性别和肥胖因素后，哮喘患者贫血的HR为4.06（95%CI：2.70 - 6.09）。在18 - 64.9岁的患者中，与健康患者相比，哮喘患者贫血的调整后HR为3.27（95%CI：2.12 - 5.04）。在65岁以上的患者中，该调整后HR为5.56（95%CI：1.31 - 23.67）。
在调整性别、年龄和肥胖因素并排除可导致贫血的合并症后，哮喘患者贫血风险增加。这些结果表明需要对哮喘患者进行定期贫血监测。
