School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.
Mol Biol Rep. 2023 Apr;50(4):3723-3738. doi: 10.1007/s11033-023-08240-8. Epub 2023 Jan 17.
This work characterizes the applications of CRISPR/Cas12 system, including nucleic acid detection, animal, plant and microbial genome editing.
The literature on CRISPR/Cas12 system was collected and reviewed.
CRISPR/Cas system is an acquired immune system derived from bacteria and archaea, which has become the most popular technology around the world because of its outstanding contribution in genome editing. Type V CRISPR/Cas systems are distinguished by a single RNA-guided RuvC nuclease domain with single effector molecule. Cas12a, the first reported type V CRISPR/Cas system, targets double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) adjacent to PAM sequences and trans-cleaves single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). We present the applications of CRISPR/Cas12 system for nucleic acid detection and genome editing in animals, plants and microorganisms. Furthermore, this review also summarizes the applications of other Cas12 proteins, such as Cas12b, Cas12c, Cas12d, and so on, which further widen the application prospects of CRISPR/Cas12 system.
Knowledge of the applications of CRISPR/Cas12 system is necessary for improving the understanding of the functional diversity of CRISPR/Cas12 system and also provides significant references for further research and utilization of CRISPR/Cas12 in other new fields.
本工作描述了 CRISPR/Cas12 系统的应用，包括核酸检测、动植物和微生物基因组编辑。
收集并回顾了有关 CRISPR/Cas12 系统的文献。
CRISPR/Cas 系统是细菌和古菌获得的一种免疫系统，由于其在基因组编辑方面的杰出贡献，已成为全球最受欢迎的技术。V 型 CRISPR/Cas 系统的特点是单个 RNA 指导的 RuvC 核酸内切酶结构域和单个效应分子。Cas12a 是第一个被报道的 V 型 CRISPR/Cas 系统，靶向与 PAM 序列相邻的双链 DNA（dsDNA）并进行反式切割单链 DNA（ssDNA）。我们介绍了 CRISPR/Cas12 系统在动植物和微生物中的核酸检测和基因组编辑应用。此外，本综述还总结了其他 Cas12 蛋白（如 Cas12b、Cas12c、Cas12d 等）的应用，进一步拓宽了 CRISPR/Cas12 系统的应用前景。
了解 CRISPR/Cas12 系统的应用对于提高对 CRISPR/Cas12 系统功能多样性的认识是必要的，也为进一步研究和利用 CRISPR/Cas12 在其他新领域提供了重要参考。
