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新型冠状病毒肺炎后综合征是否为乙酰胆碱介导的神经调节严重受损，且对尼古丁给药有反应？

Is the post-COVID-19 syndrome a severe impairment of acetylcholine-orchestrated neuromodulation that responds to nicotine administration?

作者信息

Leitzke Marco

机构信息

Department of Anesthesiology, Helios Clinics, Colditzer Straße 48, 04703, Leisnig, Germany.

出版信息

Bioelectron Med. 2023 Jan 18;9(1):2. doi: 10.1186/s42234-023-00104-7.

DOI:10.1186/s42234-023-00104-7
PMID:36650574
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9845100/
Abstract

Following a SARS-CoV-2 infection, many individuals suffer from post-COVID-19 syndrome. It makes them unable to proceed with common everyday activities due to weakness, memory lapses, pain, dyspnea and other unspecific physical complaints. Several investigators could demonstrate that the SARS-CoV-2 related spike glycoprotein (SGP) attaches not only to ACE-2 receptors but also shows DNA sections highly affine to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). The nAChR is the principal structure of cholinergic neuromodulation and is responsible for coordinated neuronal network interaction. Non-intrinsic viral nAChR attachment compromises integrative interneuronal communication substantially. This explains the cognitive, neuromuscular and mood impairment, as well as the vegetative symptoms, characterizing post-COVID-19 syndrome. The agonist ligand nicotine shows an up to 30-fold higher affinity to nACHRs than acetylcholine (ACh). We therefore hypothesize that this molecule could displace the virus from nAChR attachment and pave the way for unimpaired cholinergic signal transmission. Treating several individuals suffering from post-COVID-19 syndrome with a nicotine patch application, we witnessed improvements ranging from immediate and substantial to complete remission in a matter of days.

摘要

感染新型冠状病毒后，许多人会患上新冠后遗症。这使他们因虚弱、记忆力减退、疼痛、呼吸困难和其他非特异性身体不适而无法进行日常活动。一些研究人员能够证明，与新冠病毒相关的刺突糖蛋白（SGP）不仅与血管紧张素转换酶2（ACE-2）受体结合，还显示出与烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体（nAChRs）高度亲和的DNA片段。nAChR是胆碱能神经调节的主要结构，负责协调神经元网络的相互作用。病毒非固有地附着于nAChR会严重损害神经元间的整合性通讯。这就解释了新冠后遗症所具有的认知、神经肌肉和情绪障碍以及植物神经症状。激动剂配体尼古丁对nACHRs的亲和力比乙酰胆碱（ACh）高30倍。因此，我们推测该分子可以将病毒从nAChR附着位点上置换下来，为胆碱能信号的正常传递铺平道路。通过给几名患有新冠后遗症的患者使用尼古丁贴片进行治疗，我们在几天内看到了从立即显著改善到完全缓解的不同效果。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/470a/9847156/ebcef94c7bb3/42234_2023_104_Fig6_HTML.jpg
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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/470a/9847156/6a3001023a8a/42234_2023_104_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/470a/9847156/589950611db5/42234_2023_104_Fig2_HTML.jpg
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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/470a/9847156/6b851d05a982/42234_2023_104_Fig4_HTML.jpg
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