Romero-Ferreiro Verónica, García-Gutiérrez Ana, Torio Iosune, Marí-Beffa Paloma, Rodríguez-Gómez Pablo, Periáñez José A, Moreno Eva M, Romero Carmen, Alvarez-Mon Miguel Ángel, Rodriguez-Jimenez Roberto
Department of Psychology, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Spain; Department of Psychiatry, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (Imas12), Spain; and Biomedical Research Networking Centre for Mental Health/Carlos III Health Institute (CIBERSAM/ISCIII), Spain.
Department of Experimental Psychology, Cognitive Psychology and Speech & Language Therapy, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain.
BJPsych Open. 2023 Jan 18;9(1):e19. doi: 10.1192/bjo.2022.614.
Schizophrenia is a complex disorder involving deficits in both cognitive and emotional processes. Specifically, a marked deficit in cognitive control has been found, which seems to increase when dealing with emotional information.
With the aim of exploring the possible common links behind cognitive and emotional deficits, two versions of the emotional Stroop task were administered.
In the cognitive-emotional task, participants had to name the ink colour (while ignoring the meaning) of emotional words. In contrast, the emotional-emotional task consisted of emotional words superimposed on emotional faces, and the participants had to indicate the emotional valence of the faces. Fifty-eight participants (29 in-patients diagnosed with schizophrenia and 29 controls) took part in the study.
Patients and controls showed similar response times in the cognitive-emotional task; however, patients were significantly slower than controls in the emotional-emotional task. This result supports the idea that patients show a more pronounced impairment in conflict modulation with emotional content. Besides, no significant correlations between the tasks and positive or negative symptoms were found. This would indicate that deficits are relatively independent of the clinical status of patients. However, a significant correlation between the emotional-emotional task and cognitive symptoms was found.
These findings suggest a restricted capacity of patients with schizophrenia to deal with the attentional demands arising from emotional stimuli.
精神分裂症是一种复杂的疾病，涉及认知和情感过程的缺陷。具体而言，已发现认知控制存在明显缺陷，在处理情感信息时这种缺陷似乎会加剧。
为了探索认知和情感缺陷背后可能存在的共同联系，实施了两个版本的情感斯特鲁普任务。
在认知 - 情感任务中，参与者必须说出情感词汇的墨水颜色（同时忽略其含义）。相比之下，情感 - 情感任务由叠加在情感面孔上的情感词汇组成，参与者必须指出面孔的情感效价。58名参与者（29名被诊断为精神分裂症的住院患者和29名对照组）参与了该研究。
患者和对照组在认知 - 情感任务中的反应时间相似；然而，在情感 - 情感任务中，患者比对照组明显更慢。这一结果支持了患者在情感内容的冲突调节方面表现出更明显损害的观点。此外，未发现任务与阳性或阴性症状之间存在显著相关性。这表明缺陷相对独立于患者的临床状态。然而，发现情感 - 情感任务与认知症状之间存在显著相关性。
这些发现表明精神分裂症患者处理情感刺激引起的注意力需求的能力有限。
