Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison.
Department of Dermatology, Park Nicollet Health Services, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
JAMA Dermatol. 2023 Mar 1;159(3):267-274. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2022.5991.
The common use of isothiazolinones as preservatives is a global cause of allergic contact dermatitis. Differences in allowable concentrations of methylisothiazolinone (MI) exist in Europe, Canada, and the US.
To compare the prevalence of positive patch test reactions to the methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (MCI/MI) combination and MI alone in North America and Europe from 2009 to 2018.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This retrospective analysis of North American Contact Dermatitis Group, European Surveillance System on Contact Allergies (ESSCA), and the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK) databases included data from patients presenting for patch testing at referral patch test clinics in North America and Europe.
Patch tests to MCI/MI and MI.
Prevalence of allergic contact dermatitis to MCI/MI and MI.
From 2009 to 2018, participating sites in North America and Europe patch tested a total of 226 161 individuals to MCI/MI and 118 779 to MI. In Europe, positivity to MCI/MI peaked during 2013 and 2014 at 7.6% (ESSCA) and 5.4% (IVDK) before decreasing to 4.4% (ESSCA) and 3.2% (IVDK) during 2017 and 2018. Positive reactions to MI were 5.5% (ESSCA) and 3.4% (IVDK) during 2017 and 2018. In North America, the frequency of positivity to MCI/MI increased steadily through the study period, reaching 10.8% for MCI/MI during 2017 and 2018. Positive reactions to MI were 15.0% during 2017 and 2018.
The study results suggest that in contrast to the continued increase in North America, isothiazolinone allergy is decreasing in Europe. This trend may coincide with earlier and more stringent government regulation of MI in Europe.
作为防腐剂，异噻唑啉酮的普遍使用是全球变应性接触性皮炎的一个原因。在欧洲、加拿大和美国，允许使用的甲基异噻唑啉酮（MI）浓度存在差异。
比较 2009 年至 2018 年北美和欧洲中甲基氯异噻唑啉酮/甲基异噻唑啉酮（MCI/MI）组合和 MI 单独使用的阳性斑贴试验反应的发生率。
设计、环境和参与者：本研究回顾性分析了北美接触性皮炎组、欧洲接触过敏监测系统（ESSCA）和皮肤病学部门信息网络（IVDK）的数据库，纳入了在北美和欧洲转诊斑贴试验诊所进行斑贴试验的患者数据。
MCI/MI 和 MI 斑贴试验。
MCI/MI 和 MI 过敏的发生率。
2009 年至 2018 年，北美和欧洲参与的试验点共对 226161 人进行了 MCI/MI 斑贴试验，对 118779 人进行了 MI 斑贴试验。在欧洲，MCI/MI 的阳性率在 2013 年和 2014 年达到 7.6%（ESSCA）和 5.4%（IVDK）的峰值，然后在 2017 年和 2018 年降至 4.4%（ESSCA）和 3.2%（IVDK）。MI 的阳性反应在 2017 年和 2018 年为 5.5%（ESSCA）和 3.4%（IVDK）。在北美，MCI/MI 的阳性率在整个研究期间稳步上升，2017 年和 2018 年 MCI/MI 的阳性率达到 10.8%。MI 的阳性反应在 2017 年和 2018 年为 15.0%。
研究结果表明，与北美持续增加的情况相比，异噻唑啉酮过敏在欧洲呈下降趋势。这种趋势可能与欧洲政府对 MI 的早期和更严格的监管相吻合。
