Søgaard Rebekka, Kursawe Larsen Christoffer, Johansen Jeanne Duus, Schwensen Jakob Ferløv Baselius
The National Allergy Research Centre, Department of Allergy, Dermatology and Venerology, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev-Gentofte, Gentofte Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark.
Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Contact Dermatitis. 2025 Sep;93(3):214-223. doi: 10.1111/cod.14818. Epub 2025 May 30.
Skin sensitising preservatives are commonly used in consumer and industrial products. The widespread use of preservatives has led to recurrent epidemics of contact allergy.
To investigate temporal trends of contact allergy to preservatives from 2014 to 2023.
Patients consecutively patch tested with preservatives from the European baseline series and the supplementary baseline series at Gentofte hospital from 2014 to 2023 were included.
The study population included 6435 patients. Contact allergy to benzisothiazolinone (BIT) increased significantly from ≤ 0.3% in 2014 to 5.0% in 2023. Painters and machine operators, and assemblers were most often sensitised to BIT, and detergents and paints were the most common exposures to BIT. Contact allergy to methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (MCI/MI) decreased significantly from 3.3% in 2014 to 2.2% in 2023. Likewise, contact allergy to MI declined significantly from 3.9% in 2014 to 2.5% in 2023. Stable trends were found for the overall prevalence of contact allergy to preservatives from 9.0% in 2014 to 10.2% in 2023.
Regulatory restrictions on the use of MI and MCI/MI in cosmetic products have led to a decrease in contact allergy. However, the rise in contact allergy to BIT underscores the need for ongoing monitoring and preventive measures.
皮肤致敏防腐剂常用于消费品和工业产品中。防腐剂的广泛使用导致接触性过敏的反复流行。
调查2014年至2023年对防腐剂接触性过敏的时间趋势。
纳入2014年至2023年在根措夫特医院连续接受欧洲基线系列和补充基线系列防腐剂斑贴试验的患者。
研究人群包括6435名患者。对苯并异噻唑啉酮（BIT）的接触性过敏从2014年的≤0.3%显著增加到2023年的5.0%。油漆工、机器操作员和装配工对BIT致敏最为常见，洗涤剂和油漆是接触BIT最常见的途径。对甲基氯异噻唑啉酮/甲基异噻唑啉酮（MCI/MI）的接触性过敏从2014年的3.3%显著下降到2023年的2.2%。同样，对MI的接触性过敏从2014年的3.9%显著下降到2023年的2.5%。2014年至2023年对防腐剂接触性过敏的总体患病率呈稳定趋势，从9.0%升至10.2%。
化妆品中MI和MCI/MI使用的监管限制导致接触性过敏减少。然而，对BIT接触性过敏的增加凸显了持续监测和预防措施的必要性。
