Fang Hongbao, Chen Yuncong, Jiang Zhiyong, He Weijiang, Guo Zijian
State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
Nanchuang (Jiangsu) Institute of Chemistry and Health, 3-1 Xinjinhu Road, Nanjing 211899, China.
Acc Chem Res. 2023 Feb 7;56(3):258-269. doi: 10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00643. Epub 2023 Jan 18.
Some important biological species and microenvironments maintain a complex and delicate dynamic balance in life systems, participating in the regulation of various physiological processes and playing indispensable roles in maintaining the healthy development of living bodies. Disruption of their homeostasis in living organisms can cause various diseases and even death. Therefore, real time monitoring of these biological species and microenvironments during different physiological and pathological processes is of great significance. Fluorescent-probe-based techniques have been recognized as one of the most powerful tools for real time imaging in biological samples. In this Account, we introduce the representative works from our group in the field of fluorescent probes for biological imaging capable of detecting metal ions, small bioactive molecules, and the microenvironment. The design strategies of small molecule fluorescent probes and their applications in biological imaging will be discussed. By regulating the design strategy and mechanism (e.g., ICT, PeT, and FRET) of the electronic and spectral characteristics of the fluorescent platforms, these chemical probes show high selectivity and diverse functions, which can be used for imaging of various physiological and pathological processes. Through the exploration of the rational response mechanism and design strategy, combined with a variety of imaging techniques, such as super-resolution imaging, photoacoustic (PA) imaging, etc., we have realized multimode imaging of the important biological analytes from the subcellular level to the in vivo level, which provides powerful means to study the physiological and pathological functions of these species and microenvironments. This Account aims to offer insights and inspiration for the development of novel fluorescent probes for biological imaging, which could provide powerful tools for the study of chemical biology. Overall, we represent a series of turn-on/turn-off/ratiometric fluorescent/PA probes to visually and dynamically trace biological species and microenvironments in cells and even in vivo that seek higher resolution and depth molecular imaging to improve diagnostic methods and clarify new discoveries related to chemical biology. Our future efforts will be devoted to developing multiorganelle targeted fluorescent probes to study the mechanism of subcellular organelle interaction and employing various dual-mode probes of NIR II and PA imaging to investigate the development of related diseases and treat the related diseases at subcellular and in vivo levels.
一些重要的生物物种和微环境在生命系统中维持着复杂而微妙的动态平衡，参与各种生理过程的调节，并在维持生物体的健康发育中发挥着不可或缺的作用。生物体中它们的稳态破坏可导致各种疾病甚至死亡。因此，在不同生理和病理过程中对这些生物物种和微环境进行实时监测具有重要意义。基于荧光探针的技术已被公认为是生物样品实时成像最强大的工具之一。在本综述中，我们介绍了我们小组在用于生物成像的荧光探针领域的代表性工作，这些探针能够检测金属离子、生物活性小分子和微环境。将讨论小分子荧光探针的设计策略及其在生物成像中的应用。通过调节荧光平台的电子和光谱特性的设计策略和机制（例如，ICT、PeT和FRET），这些化学探针显示出高选择性和多样的功能，可用于各种生理和病理过程的成像。通过探索合理的响应机制和设计策略，结合多种成像技术，如超分辨率成像、光声（PA）成像等，我们实现了从亚细胞水平到体内水平对重要生物分析物的多模态成像，这为研究这些物种和微环境的生理和病理功能提供了有力手段。本综述旨在为新型生物成像荧光探针的开发提供见解和灵感，这可为化学生物学研究提供强大工具。总体而言，我们展示了一系列开启/关闭/比率荧光/PA探针，以可视化和动态追踪细胞甚至体内的生物物种和微环境，寻求更高分辨率和深度分子成像以改进诊断方法并阐明与化学生物学相关的新发现。我们未来的努力将致力于开发多细胞器靶向荧光探针以研究亚细胞器相互作用机制，并采用各种近红外二区和PA成像的双模态探针来研究相关疾病的发展并在亚细胞和体内水平治疗相关疾病。
