Juliana Simeão Borges, DDS, PhD student, Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
*Carlos José Soares, DDS, MSc, PhD, Department of Operative Dentistry and Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Oper Dent. 2023 Mar 1;48(2):207-217. doi: 10.2341/21-158-L.
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of activated charcoal toothpaste on the color stability of teeth subjected to tooth bleaching and pigmenting agents.
A total of 120 bovine crowns were randomly divided into 12 groups (n=10) according to two study factors: staining solutions (three levels): saliva (control), coffee, and red wine; and toothpaste (four levels): BPC, Bianco Pro Clinical (Bianco Oral Care) (Control); BIW, Black is White (Curaprox); BCA, Bianco Carbon (Bianco Oral Care); and NAT, Natural Suavetex (Suavetex). The samples were subjected to office bleaching with a 35% hydrogen peroxide-based gel (Whiteness HP Blue, FGM), followed by immersion in the solution for 45 minutes per day and daily toothbrushing for 7 days. The color (ΔE) and luminosity changes (ΔL*) were measured using reflectance spectroscopy (Vita EasyShade). The CIE values (L*, a*, b*) were measured at baseline after bleaching (T0) and immediately after immersion in solution each day (Ti1-Ti7) and after all toothbrushing cycles (Tb1-Tb7). ΔE and ΔL were analyzed using a two-way analysis of variance and Tukey's test (α=0.05). The clinically unacceptable level of ΔE > 3.3 was used to evaluate the color change.
The color change was significantly influenced by the staining solutions and toothpastes (p<0.001). The color change (ΔE) was significantly higher when immersed in wine than in coffee, and lower ΔE values were observed for artificial saliva (control), irrespective of the toothpaste used. In artificial saliva, BPC, BIW, and BCA resulted in significantly lower ΔE values than NAT, which presented a clinically unacceptable level of dental color change (ΔE>3.3). Coffee resulted in a lower (L*) reduction than wine, irrespective of the toothpaste used.
Charcoal toothpastes resulted in a color change on the surface of the tooth enamel (ΔE). The bleaching effect of the charcoal toothpastes and control evaluated in this study partially reduced the color changes on the surface of the tooth enamel caused by staining solutions but was unable to reestablish the measured values to the baseline. For teeth immersed in artificial saliva, the color change was not noticeable in BCA, BIW, and control-BPC (ΔE≥3.3), except for NAT, which showed a significant color change.
本研究旨在评估活性炭牙膏对经牙齿漂白和着色剂处理后的牙齿颜色稳定性的影响。
根据两个研究因素，将 120 个牛牙冠随机分为 12 组（n=10）：染色溶液（三个水平）：唾液（对照）、咖啡和红酒；牙膏（四个水平）：BPC、Bianco Pro Clinical（Bianco Oral Care）（对照）；BIW、Black is White（Curaprox）；BCA、Bianco Carbon（Bianco Oral Care）；和 NAT、Natural Suavetex（Suavetex）。样本用 35%浓度的过氧化氢凝胶（Whiteness HP Blue，FGM）进行诊室漂白，随后每天在溶液中浸泡 45 分钟，并每天刷牙 7 天。使用反射光谱法（Vita EasyShade）测量颜色（ΔE）和亮度变化（ΔL*）。在漂白后（T0）和每天浸泡溶液后立即（Ti1-Ti7）以及所有刷牙循环后（Tb1-Tb7）测量基线时的 CIE 值（L*、a*、b*）。使用双向方差分析和 Tukey 检验（α=0.05）分析ΔE 和ΔL。使用 ΔE>3.3 来评估颜色变化，以确定是否可接受。
染色溶液和牙膏显著影响颜色变化（p<0.001）。与咖啡相比，红酒浸泡后颜色变化（ΔE）明显更高，使用任何牙膏时，人工唾液（对照）的ΔE 值都较低。在人工唾液中，BPC、BIW 和 BCA 的ΔE 值明显低于 NAT，NAT 表现出不可接受的牙齿颜色变化（ΔE>3.3）。无论使用何种牙膏，咖啡引起的（L*）减少均低于红酒。
活性炭牙膏会导致牙釉质表面的颜色变化（ΔE）。本研究评估的活性炭牙膏和对照物的漂白效果部分减少了染色溶液对牙釉质表面颜色变化的影响，但未能将测量值恢复到基线。对于浸泡在人工唾液中的牙齿，除了 NAT 外，BCA、BIW 和对照物 BPC（ΔE≥3.3）的颜色变化不明显，NAT 表现出明显的颜色变化。
