Hadley Emily, Yoo Yun Jae, Patel Saaya, Zhou Andrea, Laraway Bryan, Wong Rachel, Preiss Alexander, Chew Rob, Davis Hannah, Chute Christopher G, Pfaff Emily R, Loomba Johanna, Haendel Melissa, Hill Elaine, Moffitt Richard
RTI International, Durham, NC, US.
Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, US.
medRxiv. 2023 Jan 5:2023.01.03.22284042. doi: 10.1101/2023.01.03.22284042.
Although the COVID-19 pandemic has persisted for over 2 years, reinfections with SARS-CoV-2 are not well understood. We use the electronic health record (EHR)-based study cohort from the National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C) as part of the NIH Researching COVID to Enhance Recovery (RECOVER) Initiative to characterize reinfection, understand development of Long COVID after reinfection, and compare severity of reinfection with initial infection. We validate previous findings of reinfection incidence (5.9%), the occurrence of most reinfections during the Omicron epoch, and evidence of multiple reinfections. We present novel findings that Long COVID diagnoses occur closer to the index date for infection or reinfection in the Omicron BA epoch. We report lower albumin levels leading up to reinfection and a statistically significant association of severity between first infection and reinfection (chi-squared value: 9446.2, p-value: 0) with a medium effect size (Cramer's V: 0.18, DoF = 4).
尽管新冠疫情已持续两年多，但对新冠病毒再次感染的情况仍了解不足。我们使用了来自国家新冠队列协作组（N3C）基于电子健康记录（EHR）的研究队列，作为美国国立卫生研究院“研究新冠以促进康复”（RECOVER）倡议的一部分，来描述再次感染的特征，了解再次感染后长期新冠的发展情况，并比较再次感染与初次感染的严重程度。我们验证了之前关于再次感染发生率（5.9%）、奥密克戎时期大多数再次感染的发生情况以及多次再次感染证据的研究结果。我们还呈现了新的研究发现，即在奥密克戎BA时期，长期新冠诊断更接近感染或再次感染的索引日期。我们报告了再次感染前白蛋白水平较低，以及初次感染和再次感染之间严重程度存在统计学显著关联（卡方值：9446.2，p值：0），效应大小为中等（克莱默V系数：0.18，自由度 = 4）。
