College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao266580, China.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2023 Feb 1;15(4):5128-5138. doi: 10.1021/acsami.2c17904. Epub 2023 Jan 19.
The rapid development of wearable electronic devices and virtual reality technology has revived interest in flexible sensing and control devices. Here, we report an ionic hydrogel (PTSM) prepared from polypropylene amine (PAM), tannic acid (TA), sodium alginate (SA), and MXene. Based on the multiple weak H-bonds, this hydrogel exhibits excellent stretchability (strain >4600%), adhesion, and self-healing. The introduction of MXene nanosheets endows the hydrogel sensor with a high gauge factor (GF) of 6.6. Meanwhile, it also enables triboelectric nanogenerators (PTSM-TENGs) fabricated from silicone rubber-encapsulated hydrogels to have excellent energy harvesting efficiency, with an instantaneous output power density of 54.24 mW/m. We build a glove-based human-computer interaction (HMI) system using PTSM-TENGs. The multidimensional signal features of PTSM-TENG are extracted and analyzed by the HMI system, and the functions of gesture visualization and robot hand control are realized. In addition, triboelectric signals can be used for object recognition with the help of machine learning techniques. The glove based on PTSM-TENG achieves the classification and recognition of five objects through contact, with an accuracy rate of 98.7%. Therefore, strain sensors and triboelectric nanogenerators based on hydrogels have broad application prospects in man-machine interface, intelligent recognition systems, auxiliary control systems, and other fields due to their excellent stretchable and high self-healing performance.
可穿戴电子设备和虚拟现实技术的快速发展重新激发了人们对柔性传感和控制设备的兴趣。在这里，我们报告了一种由聚丙胺（PAM）、单宁酸（TA）、海藻酸钠（SA）和 MXene 制备的离子水凝胶（PTSM）。基于多重弱氢键，这种水凝胶表现出优异的拉伸性（应变>4600%）、附着力和自修复能力。MXene 纳米片的引入赋予了水凝胶传感器高达 6.6 的高应变系数（GF）。同时，它还使硅橡胶封装水凝胶制成的摩擦纳米发电机（PTSM-TENG）具有出色的能量收集效率，瞬时输出功率密度为 54.24 mW/m。我们使用 PTSM-TENG 构建了基于手套的人机交互（HMI）系统。通过 HMI 系统提取和分析 PTSM-TENG 的多维信号特征，实现了手势可视化和机器人手控制的功能。此外，摩擦电信号可以借助机器学习技术用于物体识别。基于 PTSM-TENG 的手套通过接触实现了对五个物体的分类和识别，准确率达到 98.7%。因此，由于其出色的拉伸性和高自修复性能，基于水凝胶的应变传感器和摩擦电纳米发电机在人机界面、智能识别系统、辅助控制系统等领域具有广阔的应用前景。
