Pierre Kevin, Molina Vanessa, Shukla Shil, Avila Anthony, Fong Nicholas, Nguyen Jessica, Lucke-Wold Brandon
University of Florida Department of Radiology, Gainesville 32603, Florida, USA.
Sam Houston State University of Osteopathic Medicine, Conroe 77304, Texas, USA.
AIMS Neurosci. 2022 Dec 19;9(4):519-535. doi: 10.3934/Neuroscience.2022030. eCollection 2022.
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that occurs secondary to repetitive mild traumatic brain injury. Current clinical diagnosis relies on symptomatology and structural imaging findings which often vary widely among those with the disease. The gold standard of diagnosis is post-mortem pathological examination. In this review article, we provide a brief introduction to CTE, current diagnostic workup and the promising research on imaging and fluid biomarker diagnostic techniques. For imaging, we discuss quantitative structural analyses, DTI, fMRI, MRS, SWI and PET CT. For fluid biomarkers, we discuss p-tau, TREM2, CCL11, NfL and GFAP.
慢性创伤性脑病（CTE）是一种继发于重复性轻度创伤性脑损伤的进行性神经退行性疾病。目前的临床诊断依赖于症状学和结构影像学检查结果，而这些在患有该疾病的患者中往往差异很大。诊断的金标准是死后病理检查。在这篇综述文章中，我们简要介绍了CTE、当前的诊断检查以及关于影像学和液体生物标志物诊断技术的前沿研究。对于影像学，我们讨论了定量结构分析、弥散张量成像（DTI）、功能磁共振成像（fMRI）、磁共振波谱（MRS）、磁敏感加权成像（SWI）和正电子发射断层扫描（PET CT）。对于液体生物标志物，我们讨论了磷酸化tau蛋白（p-tau）、触发受体表达于髓样细胞2（TREM2）、趋化因子配体11（CCL11）、神经丝轻链（NfL）和胶质纤维酸性蛋白（GFAP）。
