Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, Republic of Korea.
College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
Mar Drugs. 2022 Dec 23;21(1):12. doi: 10.3390/md21010012.
Prolonged exposure to fine dust (FD) increases the risk of skin inflammation. Stimulated epidermal cells release growth factors into their extracellular environment, which can induce inflammation in dermal cells. Algae are considered rich sources of bioactive materials. The present study emphasized the effect of low-molecular-weight fucoidan isolated from (LMF) against FD-induced inflammation in HaCaT keratinocytes and underneath fibroblasts (HDFs) in an integrated culture model. HDFs were treated with media from FD-stimulated HaCaT with LMF treatments (preconditioned media). The results suggested that FD increased the oxidative stress in HaCaT, thereby increasing the sub-G phase of the cell cycle up to 587%, as revealed via flow cytometric analysis. With preconditioned media, HDFs also displayed oxidative stress; however, the increase in the sub-G phase was insignificant compared with HaCaT. LMF dose-dependently regulated the NF-κB/MAPK signaling in HaCaT. Furthermore, significant downregulation in NF-κB/MAPK signaling, as well as inflammatory cytokines, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases, matrix metalloproteinases, and reduction in relative elastase and collagenase activities related to the extracellular matrix degeneration were observed in HDFs with a preconditioned media treatment. Therefore, we concluded that HDFs were protected from inflammation by preconditioned media. Continued research on tissue culture and in vivo studies may reveal the therapeutic potential of LMF.
长时间暴露在细颗粒物（FD）中会增加皮肤炎症的风险。受刺激的表皮细胞将生长因子释放到细胞外环境中，这可能会引起真皮细胞的炎症。藻类被认为是生物活性物质的丰富来源。本研究强调了从 （LMF）中分离出的低分子量褐藻糖胶对 FD 诱导的 HaCaT 角质形成细胞和真皮成纤维细胞（HDF）在整合培养模型中的炎症的影响。用含 LMF 的 FD 刺激的 HaCaT 培养基处理 HDF（预处理培养基）。结果表明，FD 增加了 HaCaT 的氧化应激，从而通过流式细胞术分析将细胞周期的 sub-G 期增加到 587%。用预处理培养基处理的 HDF 也显示出氧化应激；然而，与 HaCaT 相比，sub-G 期的增加并不显著。LMF 剂量依赖性地调节了 HaCaT 中的 NF-κB/MAPK 信号通路。此外，在预处理培养基处理的 HDF 中观察到 NF-κB/MAPK 信号通路以及炎症细胞因子、金属蛋白酶组织抑制剂、基质金属蛋白酶显著下调，与细胞外基质降解相关的相对弹性蛋白酶和胶原酶活性降低。因此，我们得出结论，预处理培养基保护 HDF 免受炎症。对组织培养和体内研究的进一步研究可能揭示 LMF 的治疗潜力。
