Colussi Carlina, Nepote Marcelo, Chiaraviglio Romina, Mendicino Diego
Centro de Investigaciones sobre Endemias Nacionales, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe S3001XAI, Argentina.
Programa Provincial de Control de Chagas, Ministerio de Salud de Santa Fe, Santa Fe S3000GVX, Argentina.
Trop Med Infect Dis. 2023 Jan 14;8(1):64. doi: 10.3390/tropicalmed8010064.
Chagas disease is more prevalent in socially vulnerable communities in the Gran Chaco Eco-region. The study evaluated the seroprevalence of Chagas disease and associated factors between May 2014 and September 2015, in indigenous communities of Santa Fe, Argentina, in the southern Chaco. Lysate ELISA and indirect hemagglutination tests were used to detect antibodies against , and recombinant ELISA was used in the case of disagreement. Household surveys were conducted with the head of household about risk factors for the disease. Serological tests were conducted on 298 people from three indigenous communities, 127 male and 171 female. Seroprevalence was 18.5%. A total of 64 surveys were conducted; 82.8% of the heads of household were male, with a median age of 39 years, and 61.0% had not completed primary school. In 35.9% of the households, there was at least one member of the cohabiting group infected with . The level of education of the head of household showed a statistically significant association with Chagas disease (OR = 3.43), among all the risk factors studied. The prevalence of infection is lower than that of other indigenous communities of the Gran Chaco, probably because environmental conditions are moderating and disfavoring the establishment of the insect vector in homes, but also because of socioeconomic differences with the rest of the eco-region. Beyond this, serological controls are needed to prevent vertical transmission.
恰加斯病在大查科生态区域的社会弱势群体社区中更为普遍。该研究评估了2014年5月至2015年9月期间，阿根廷圣达菲省南部查科地区土著社区恰加斯病的血清流行率及相关因素。采用裂解物酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）和间接血凝试验检测针对[病原体名称未给出]的抗体，若结果不一致则采用重组ELISA法。对户主进行了关于该疾病危险因素的家庭调查。对来自三个土著社区的298人进行了血清学检测，其中男性127人，女性171人。血清流行率为18.5%。共进行了64项调查；82.8%的户主为男性，中位年龄为39岁，61.0%未完成小学教育。在35.9%的家庭中，同居群体中至少有一名成员感染了[病原体名称未给出]。在所有研究的危险因素中，户主的教育水平与恰加斯病存在统计学上的显著关联（比值比=3.43）。感染率低于大查科其他土著社区，这可能是因为环境条件正在改善，不利于昆虫媒介在家庭中生存，也可能是由于与生态区域其他地区存在社会经济差异。除此之外，还需要进行血清学监测以防止垂直传播。
