Chastonay Anouk H M, Chastonay Oriane J
Adrian Streich Architekten AG, 8004 Zürich, Switzerland.
Réseau Fribourgeois de Santé Mentale, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
Trop Med Infect Dis. 2022 Jul 21;7(7):143. doi: 10.3390/tropicalmed7070143.
Alongside peace, education, food, income, a stable ecosystem, sustainable resources and social justice, is a prerequisite for health. According to international human rights law, everyone is entitled to an adequate standard of living, which includes adequate housing. Adequate housing, including access to water and sanitation, plays a critical role in the prevention and management of neglected tropical diseases, which affect over 1 billion people worldwide. Inadequate housing conditions represent a risk factor for many of them, e.g., Chagas disease that affects 6-8 million people worldwide, visceral leishmaniasis that kills 20,000-30,000 people/year, lymphatic filariasis which threatens 859 million people worldwide or dengue that has increased 8-10 fold over the last two decades. Vector control strategies for the above-mentioned diseases have shown their effectiveness and should include systematic and repetitive in-house spraying and individual protection (e.g., impregnated nets), as well as better-quality construction material and techniques and better sanitation infrastructures and practices. Access to adequate housing is a basic human right. The violation of the right to adequate housing may affect the enjoyment of other human rights. Access to adequate housing can strengthen (and facilitate access to) other basic human rights, such as the rights to work, health, security, and education.
除了和平、教育、食物、收入、稳定的生态系统、可持续资源和社会正义外，[原文此处缺失内容]也是健康的先决条件。根据国际人权法，每个人都有权享有适足的生活水准，其中包括适足的住房。适足的住房，包括获得水和卫生设施，在被忽视热带病的预防和管理中发挥着关键作用，这些疾病影响着全球超过10亿人。住房条件不足是其中许多疾病的一个风险因素，例如，全球有600万至800万人感染的恰加斯病、每年导致2万至3万人死亡的内脏利什曼病、全球有8.59亿人受到威胁的淋巴丝虫病，或在过去二十年中增加了8至10倍的登革热。上述疾病的病媒控制策略已显示出其有效性，应包括系统且重复的室内喷洒和个人防护（如浸药蚊帐），以及质量更好的建筑材料和技术，和更好的卫生基础设施及做法。获得适足住房是一项基本人权。侵犯适足住房权可能会影响对其他人权的享有。获得适足住房可以加强（并便利获得）其他基本人权，如工作权、健康权、安全权和教育权。
