Department of Ethics and Scientific Integrity, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France.
Laboratory of Business Law and New Technologies (DANTE) (UR4498), Paris-Saclay University (UVSQ), Montigny-Le-Bretonneux, Paris, France.
J Transl Med. 2023 Jan 20;21(1):37. doi: 10.1186/s12967-022-03847-0.
We consider scientific integrity to constitute a new theory of morality of science, in a very specific deontological sense. Indeed, at least in practice, scientific integrity extends beyond scientific concerns, seeking to develop specific moral duties and/or procedures based on general moral values and/or standards, leading to common moral frameworks for usual scientific practices. This is, of course, necessary. Contemporary history has shown us only too well that usual scientific practices need common moral frameworks, especially in medicine and biology. However, like scientific practices, and medical and biological practices in particular, the persistence of certain moral values and/or standards and the priority attributed to them, can change significantly, due to changes in society, people, the times and/or environments, and they may be under strong tension. We therefore believe that a new theory of ethics of science, in a very specific teleological sense, may be required in this case, particularly in medicine and biology, in addition to scientific integrity. This ethical theory, through research, professionals and structures in ethics of science also called medical ethics, research ethics or bioethics in the fields of medicine and biology, should seek to identify and find specific ethical solutions to these tensions, applicable at a particular place and time, based on common ethical purposes and/or consequences. As a result, these specific ethical solutions may, or may not, lead to an evolution of common moral frameworks, which may, or may not, be developed on the basis of scientific integrity. In the fields of medicine and biology, this ethical theory is closely related to another theory, global bioethics, but with a number of new conceptual and methodological developments.
我们认为，科学诚信构成了一种新的科学道德理论，具有非常特定的道义论意义。事实上，至少在实践中，科学诚信超越了科学关注，试图根据一般道德价值观和/或标准制定特定的道德义务和/或程序，从而为常见的科学实践建立共同的道德框架。这当然是必要的。当代历史已经非常清楚地向我们表明，常见的科学实践需要共同的道德框架，尤其是在医学和生物学领域。然而，与科学实践一样，特别是医学和生物学实践，由于社会、人民、时代和/或环境的变化，某些道德价值观和/或标准的持续存在及其优先级可能会发生重大变化，而且它们可能会受到强烈的紧张局势的影响。因此，我们认为，在这种情况下，可能需要一种新的科学伦理学理论，特别是在医学和生物学领域，除了科学诚信之外。这种伦理理论通过医学和生物学领域的科学伦理、研究伦理或生物伦理学中的研究、专业人员和结构，应该寻求确定和找到这些紧张局势的具体伦理解决方案，这些解决方案适用于特定的地点和时间，基于共同的伦理目的和/或后果。因此，这些具体的伦理解决方案可能会或可能不会导致共同道德框架的演变，而这些共同道德框架可能会或可能不会基于科学诚信来制定。在医学和生物学领域，这种伦理理论与另一种理论，即全球生物伦理学密切相关，但具有一些新的概念和方法学发展。
