Ghazzawi Hadeel Ali, Amawi Adam Tawfiq, Alduraidi Hamza, Juweid Malik, Alhawari Hussam H, Al-Abbadi Mousa A, Alabbadi Ali M, AlNemer Lana Salah Subhi
Department Nutrition and Food Technology, School of Agriculture, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan.
Department of Physical and Health Education, Faculty of Educational Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Al-Salt 19328, Jordan.
Children (Basel). 2023 Jan 15;10(1):170. doi: 10.3390/children10010170.
Athletes competing in Taekwondo (TKD), the weight-category sport, tend to rapidly lose weight to achieve the desired body weight for better competitive results. Little is known about the effect of rapid weight reduction on bone mass density (BMD), especially during childhood and adolescence. The current study aimed to investigate the impact of rapid weight loss on BMD among cadets and juniors TKD athletes. A descriptive case series study design was conducted and collected from 28 males and females aged 12-17 years old, with mean age 14.4 ± 1.7. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) was used for both BMD and body composition assessment, and laboratory tests were also performed for the total calcium (Ca), TSH, free T4 (FT4), and 25-OH-vitamin D. Results showed normal levels of Ca (82.1%), TSH (96.4%), and FT4 (96.4%), whilst 85.7% had vitamin D deficiency. DEXA results showed that within male athletes, juniors had a wider range of BMD than cadets, while within females, results did not vary, with no statistical difference between both males and females. Our results suggested that children and adolescents' BMD was positively related to TKD sport regardless of the abnormal weight loss strategies used, as evidenced by laboratory results. Children and adolescents should be conscious and practice TKD sport adopting healthy weight loss behaviors.
参加跆拳道（TKD）这项按体重分级的运动项目的运动员，往往会迅速减重以达到理想体重，从而获得更好的比赛成绩。对于快速减重对骨密度（BMD）的影响，人们了解甚少，尤其是在儿童和青少年时期。本研究旨在调查快速减重对青少年和少年跆拳道运动员骨密度的影响。采用描述性病例系列研究设计，从28名年龄在12 - 17岁、平均年龄为14.4 ± 1.7岁的男性和女性中收集数据。使用双能X线吸收法（DEXA）进行骨密度和身体成分评估，并对总钙（Ca）、促甲状腺激素（TSH）、游离甲状腺素（FT4）和25 - 羟基维生素D进行实验室检测。结果显示，钙（82.1%）、促甲状腺激素（96.4%）和游离甲状腺素（96.4%）水平正常，而85.7%的人维生素D缺乏。DEXA结果显示，在男性运动员中，少年的骨密度范围比青少年更广，而在女性中，结果没有差异，男性和女性之间无统计学差异。我们的结果表明，无论采用何种异常的减重策略，儿童和青少年的骨密度与跆拳道运动呈正相关，实验室结果证明了这一点。儿童和青少年应该有意识地采用健康的减重行为来练习跆拳道运动。
