School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China.
Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510631, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Jan 4;20(2):896. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20020896.
Neuroticism is a personality trait that impacts daily life and raises the risk of mental problems and physical illnesses. To understand the emotion regulation mechanism of neurotic individuals, we developed two complementary studies to examine the effects of mindfulness and negative cognitive bias. In Study 1, four scales (EPQ-RSC, FFMQ, CERQ, NCPBQ) were used for assessment. Correlation analysis and structural comparison showed that: (1) the level of neuroticism was positively correlated with negative emotion regulation; (2) negative cognitive bias mediated the relationship between neuroticism and emotion regulation; (3) mindfulness and negative cognitive bias mediated the relationship in a chain. Study 1 showed that cognitive bias may play a key role in the emotion regulation mechanism. Study 2 further explored the cognitive bias of neurotic individuals using three behavioral experiments. A mixed-design ANOVA indicated that individuals with high neuroticism levels exhibited negative attention, memory, and interpretation biases. Our findings extend previous research on emotion regulation problems of neurotic individuals and broaden the field to personality-based emotion disorders. In particular, a theoretical rationale is provided for the application of cognitive behavioral therapy, such as mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT), to the emotion regulation of neurotic individuals.
神经质是一种人格特质，会影响日常生活，并增加出现心理问题和身体疾病的风险。为了了解神经质个体的情绪调节机制，我们开展了两项互补研究，以检验正念和消极认知偏差的影响。在研究 1 中，我们使用了四个量表（EPQ-RSC、FFMQ、CERQ、NCPBQ）进行评估。相关分析和结构比较表明：（1）神经质水平与消极情绪调节呈正相关；（2）消极认知偏差在神经质与情绪调节之间起中介作用；（3）正念和消极认知偏差在链中介关系中起中介作用。研究 1 表明认知偏差可能在情绪调节机制中起关键作用。研究 2 进一步使用三个行为实验探讨了神经质个体的认知偏差。混合设计方差分析表明，神经质水平较高的个体表现出消极的注意、记忆和解释偏差。我们的研究结果扩展了神经质个体情绪调节问题的先前研究，并将研究领域扩展到基于人格的情绪障碍。特别地，为认知行为疗法（如正念认知疗法[MBCT]）在神经质个体的情绪调节中的应用提供了理论依据。
