Department of Psychobiology and Behavioral Sciences Methods, Faculty of Odontology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Department of Conservative and Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Odontology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Jan 14;20(2):1545. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20021545.
Many studies have revealed high comorbidity and a clear association between temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and migraine. Furthermore, evidence points out that common psychological and behavioral factors might be related to the observed TMD and migraine association. However, this association and the underlying psychological factors are poorly understood.
The main goal of this study was to describe the psychological and behavioral factors involved in TMD myalgia and migraine.
A sample of 142 participants were recruited to form 4 groups: migraine patients (ICHD-III criteria), painful-TMD patients (Myalgia DC/TMD criteria), patients suffering from both pathologies according to the same criteria, and control patients. After a dental and neurological examination, the patients filled several psychological questionnaires validated for the Spanish population to assess anxiety (STAI), depression (DEP), stress coping (CRI), and somatic, anxiety, and depression symptoms (BSI-18).
The TMD myalgia patients, in general, showed a state of elevated anxiety, somatization, and reduced coping strategies, while the patients with migraine presented greater anxiety symptoms, depression (dysthymia trait and state), and somatization.
According to the data of the present study, situational anxiety (transient emotional state), together with the lack of coping strategies, could be more associated with TMD myalgia, while anxiety, as a more stable and long-lasting emotional state, together with depression, might be more related to migraine. Further longitudinal studies are needed to unravel whether these differentiated profiles are a consequence or possible risk factors for migraine and TMD.
许多研究表明，颞下颌关节紊乱（TMD）和偏头痛之间存在高共病和明确的关联。此外，有证据表明，常见的心理和行为因素可能与观察到的 TMD 和偏头痛之间存在关联。然而，这种关联和潜在的心理因素仍未被充分理解。
本研究的主要目的是描述 TMD 肌痛和偏头痛相关的心理和行为因素。
招募了 142 名参与者组成 4 个组：偏头痛患者（ICHD-III 标准）、疼痛性 TMD 患者（肌痛 DC/TMD 标准）、根据相同标准同时患有两种疾病的患者以及对照组患者。在进行牙科和神经学检查后，患者填写了几个经西班牙人群验证的心理问卷，以评估焦虑（STAI）、抑郁（DEP）、压力应对（CRI）以及躯体、焦虑和抑郁症状（BSI-18）。
一般来说，TMD 肌痛患者表现出焦虑、躯体化和应对策略减少的状态，而偏头痛患者则表现出更严重的焦虑症状、抑郁（心境恶劣特质和状态）和躯体化。
根据本研究的数据，情境性焦虑（短暂的情绪状态）以及缺乏应对策略可能与 TMD 肌痛更相关，而焦虑作为一种更稳定和持久的情绪状态，以及抑郁可能与偏头痛更相关。需要进一步的纵向研究来阐明这些不同的特征是偏头痛和 TMD 的后果还是可能的风险因素。
