Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia.
Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Jan 14;20(2):1557. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20021557.
Excess free sugars intake contributes to dental caries and obesity in children. Food frequency questionnaires (FFQ) that assess free sugars intake in young children are limited. This study evaluated the utility of a 68-item FFQ to assess free sugars intake in Australian young children against three 24-h recalls at ages 1.5, 3.5, and 5.0 years. Free sugars intakes estimated from two methods were compared using group- and individual-level validation tests. Group-level tests revealed that mean free sugars intakes estimated from two methods were similar and Bland-Altman tests revealed no presence of proportional bias at age 1.5 years. For ages 3.5 and 5.0 years, the FFQ underestimated the free sugars intake compared to the recalls, and Bland-Altman tests revealed proportional bias. For individual-level tests, the deattenuated correlation () between free sugars intakes estimated from two methods exhibited good agreement across three time-points (R: 0.54-0.62), as were the percentage agreement (68.5-73.6%) and weighted kappa (K: 0.26-0.39). The FFQ showed good validity at age 1.5 years. For ages 3.5 and 5.0 years, the FFQ showed good validity for individual-level tests only. The FFQ provided stronger validity in the ranking of individuals according to free sugars intake than comparing absolute free sugars intake at group level.
摄入过多的游离糖会导致儿童龋齿和肥胖。评估幼儿游离糖摄入量的食物频率问卷（FFQ）有限。本研究评估了一种 68 项 FFQ 在评估澳大利亚幼儿游离糖摄入量方面的效用，该 FFQ 在 1.5 岁、3.5 岁和 5.0 岁时进行了三次 24 小时回顾。使用组内和个体内验证测试比较了两种方法估计的游离糖摄入量。组内测试表明，两种方法估计的游离糖摄入量平均值相似，Bland-Altman 测试表明在 1.5 岁时不存在比例偏差。对于 3.5 岁和 5.0 岁，FFQ 估计的游离糖摄入量低于回忆值，Bland-Altman 测试显示存在比例偏差。对于个体内测试，两种方法估计的游离糖摄入量之间的去衰减相关系数（）在三个时间点均表现出良好的一致性（R：0.54-0.62），百分比一致性（68.5-73.6%）和加权 Kappa（K：0.26-0.39）也相似。FFQ 在 1.5 岁时具有良好的有效性。对于 3.5 岁和 5.0 岁，FFQ 仅在个体内测试中表现出良好的有效性。FFQ 在根据游离糖摄入量对个体进行排名方面比在组水平上比较绝对游离糖摄入量具有更强的有效性。
