咖啡因对学龄前儿童课堂行为、持续注意力及一项记忆任务的影响。
Effects of caffeine on classroom behavior, sustained attention, and a memory task in preschool children.
作者信息
Baer R A
机构信息
Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40506-0044.
出版信息
J Appl Behav Anal. 1987 Fall;20(3):225-34. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1987.20-225.
The effects of caffeine on the behavior of young children is an important issue, as children in our society consume considerable amounts of caffeine, primarily in soft drinks. This study investigated the effects of normative amounts of caffeine on the behavior of 6 normal children in a kindergarten setting. Using a reversal design, counterbalanced for order of conditions, children's behavior was examined during a baseline condition, a caffeinated beverage condition, and a noncaffeinated beverage condition. Measures included direct observation of off-task and gross motor activity, actometer readings of movement, a Continuous Performance Test, a Paired Associates Learning Test, and teacher ratings of classroom behavior. Results suggest that caffeine exerts only small and inconsistent effects on the classroom behavior of kindergarten children. These results cast doubt on the importance of caffeine as a variable controlling the classroom behavior of normal kindergartners.
咖啡因对幼儿行为的影响是一个重要问题，因为在我们的社会中，儿童摄入了大量的咖啡因，主要是在软饮料中。本研究考察了正常剂量的咖啡因对6名幼儿园正常儿童行为的影响。采用反向设计，并对条件顺序进行了平衡，在基线条件、含咖啡因饮料条件和不含咖啡因饮料条件下对儿童的行为进行了检查。测量方法包括对任务外行为和大肌肉活动的直接观察、运动活动计读数、连续操作测试、配对联想学习测试以及教师对课堂行为的评分。结果表明，咖啡因对幼儿园儿童的课堂行为仅产生微小且不一致的影响。这些结果使人怀疑咖啡因作为控制正常幼儿园儿童课堂行为的一个变量的重要性。
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