Rapoport J L, Berg C J, Ismond D R, Zahn T P, Neims A
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1984 Nov;41(11):1073-9. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.1983.01790220063010.
From a survey of 24-hour caffeine intake of 798 grade-school children (mean age, 10.3 years), 19 "high consumers" (reported intake of 500 mg/day or more) and a matched group of 19 "low consumers" were recruited for a double-blind, placebo-controlled, caffeine challenge study. Children received 5 mg/kg of caffeine twice a day or placebo for two weeks each, using a crossover design. While not receiving caffeine, high consumers had higher scores on an anxiety questionnaire and tended to have lower autonomic arousal (less frequent spontaneous skin conductance response and lower skin conductance level). While receiving caffeine, low consumers were perceived by their parents as more emotional, inattentive, and restless, while high consumers were not rated as changed. These differences cannot be attributed to tolerance, withdrawal, or subject selection, and suggest a possible physiological basis in children for dietary caffeine preference.
通过对798名小学生（平均年龄10.3岁）的24小时咖啡因摄入量进行调查，招募了19名“高摄入量者”（报告摄入量为每天500毫克或更多）和一组匹配的19名“低摄入量者”，进行双盲、安慰剂对照的咖啡因激发研究。儿童采用交叉设计，每天两次接受5毫克/千克的咖啡因或安慰剂，各持续两周。在不摄入咖啡因时，高摄入量者在焦虑问卷上得分较高，且自主神经唤醒水平往往较低（自发皮肤电导反应频率较低，皮肤电导水平较低）。在摄入咖啡因时，低摄入量者的父母认为他们更情绪化、注意力不集中且烦躁不安，而高摄入量者的评分则没有变化。这些差异不能归因于耐受性、戒断反应或受试者选择，这表明儿童饮食中对咖啡因的偏好可能存在生理基础。
