Department of Urology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.
The Core Laboratory in Medical Center of Clinical Research, Department of Molecular Diagnostics & Endocrinology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jan 9;24(2):1305. doi: 10.3390/ijms24021305.
Although several therapeutic options have been shown to improve survival of most patients with prostate cancer, progression to castration-refractory state continues to present challenges in clinics and scientific research. As a highly heterogeneous disease entity, the mechanisms of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) are complicated and arise from multiple factors. Among them, noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), the untranslated part of the human transcriptome, are closely related to almost all biological regulation, including tumor metabolisms, epigenetic modifications and immune escape, which has encouraged scientists to investigate their role in CRPC. In clinical practice, ncRNAs, especially miRNAs and lncRNAs, may function as potential biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of CRPC. Therefore, understanding the molecular biology of CRPC will help boost a shift in the treatment of CRPC patients. In this review, we summarize the recent findings of miRNAs and lncRNAs, discuss their potential functional mechanisms and highlight their clinical application prospects in CRPC.
虽然已经有几种治疗方法被证明可以提高大多数前列腺癌患者的生存率，但向去势抵抗性状态的进展仍然给临床和科学研究带来挑战。作为一种高度异质的疾病实体，去势抵抗性前列腺癌（CRPC）的发生机制很复杂，涉及多个因素。其中，非编码 RNA（ncRNA）是人类转录组的非翻译部分，与几乎所有的生物调节密切相关，包括肿瘤代谢、表观遗传修饰和免疫逃逸，这促使科学家们研究它们在 CRPC 中的作用。在临床实践中，ncRNA，特别是 miRNA 和 lncRNA，可能作为 CRPC 诊断和预后的潜在生物标志物。因此，了解 CRPC 的分子生物学将有助于推动 CRPC 患者治疗方式的转变。在这篇综述中，我们总结了 miRNA 和 lncRNA 的最新发现，讨论了它们的潜在功能机制，并强调了它们在 CRPC 中的临床应用前景。
