David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Division of Dermatology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jan 12;24(2):1527. doi: 10.3390/ijms24021527.
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play an important role in maintaining immune tolerance and homeostasis by modulating how the immune system is activated. Several studies have documented the critical role of Tregs in suppressing the functions of effector T cells and antigen-presenting cells. Under certain conditions, Tregs can lose their suppressive capability, leading to a compromised immune system. For example, mutations in the Treg transcription factor, (FOXP3), can drive the development of autoimmune diseases in multiple organs within the body. Furthermore, mutations leading to a reduction in the numbers of Tregs or a change in their function facilitate autoimmunity, whereas an overabundance can inhibit anti-tumor and anti-pathogen immunity. This review discusses the characteristics of Tregs and their mechanism of action in select autoimmune skin diseases, transplantation, and skin cancer. We also examine the potential of Tregs-based cellular therapies in autoimmunity.
调节性 T 细胞（Tregs）通过调节免疫系统的激活方式，在维持免疫耐受和体内平衡方面发挥着重要作用。多项研究记录了 Tregs 在抑制效应 T 细胞和抗原呈递细胞功能方面的关键作用。在某些情况下，Tregs 可能会失去其抑制能力，导致免疫系统受损。例如，Treg 转录因子（FOXP3）的突变可导致体内多个器官的自身免疫性疾病的发展。此外，导致 Tregs 数量减少或功能改变的突变会促进自身免疫，而过度表达则会抑制抗肿瘤和抗病原体免疫。本综述讨论了 Tregs 的特征及其在某些自身免疫性皮肤病、移植和皮肤癌中的作用机制。我们还研究了 Tregs 为基础的细胞疗法在自身免疫中的应用潜力。
