性别差异与心血管代谢风险：危险因素的重要性。
Gender Differences and Cardiometabolic Risk: The Importance of the Risk Factors.
机构信息
Department of Radiology, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy.
出版信息
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jan 13;24(2):1588. doi: 10.3390/ijms24021588.
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (Mets) is a clinical condition characterized by a cluster of major risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes: proatherogenic dyslipidemia, elevated blood pressure, dysglycemia, and abdominal obesity. Each risk factor has an independent effect, but, when aggregated, they become synergistic, doubling the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and causing a 1.5-fold increase in all-cause mortality. We will highlight gender differences in the epidemiology, etiology, pathophysiology, and clinical expression of the aforementioned Mets components. Moreover, we will discuss gender differences in new biochemical markers of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk.
摘要
代谢综合征（Mets）是一种临床病症，其特征是一组主要的心血管疾病（CVD）和 2 型糖尿病风险因素：动脉粥样硬化性血脂异常、血压升高、血糖异常和腹部肥胖。每个风险因素都有独立的作用，但当它们聚集在一起时，就会产生协同作用，使患心血管疾病的风险增加一倍，并使全因死亡率增加 1.5 倍。我们将重点介绍上述 Mets 成分在流行病学、病因学、病理生理学和临床表达方面的性别差异。此外，我们还将讨论代谢综合征和心血管风险的新生化标志物的性别差异。
相似文献
1
Gender Differences and Cardiometabolic Risk: The Importance of the Risk Factors.性别差异与心血管代谢风险：危险因素的重要性。
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jan 13;24(2):1588. doi: 10.3390/ijms24021588.
2
Age-associated increase in abdominal obesity and insulin resistance, and usefulness of AHA/NHLBI definition of metabolic syndrome for predicting cardiovascular disease in Japanese elderly with type 2 diabetes mellitus.年龄相关的腹型肥胖和胰岛素抵抗增加，以及 AHA/NHLBI 代谢综合征定义在预测日本老年 2 型糖尿病患者心血管疾病中的作用。
Gerontology. 2010;56(2):141-9. doi: 10.1159/000246970. Epub 2009 Oct 10.
3
Nurse health and lifestyle modification versus standard care in 40 to 70 year old regional adults: study protocol of the Management to Optimise Diabetes and mEtabolic syndrome Risk reduction via Nurse-led intervention (MODERN) randomized controlled trial.40至70岁地区成年人中护士主导的健康与生活方式改变与标准护理的对比：通过护士主导干预优化糖尿病和代谢综合征风险降低管理（MODERN）随机对照试验的研究方案
BMC Health Serv Res. 2017 Dec 6;17(1):813. doi: 10.1186/s12913-017-2769-z.
4
The obesity, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes mellitus pandemic: Part I. Increased cardiovascular disease risk and the importance of atherogenic dyslipidemia in persons with the metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus.肥胖、代谢综合征与2型糖尿病大流行：第一部分。代谢综合征和2型糖尿病患者心血管疾病风险增加及致动脉粥样硬化性血脂异常的重要性。
J Cardiometab Syndr. 2009 Spring;4(2):113-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1559-4572.2008.00044.x.
5
Pathogenesis and pathophysiology of the cardiometabolic syndrome.心脏代谢综合征的发病机制和病理生理学。
J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2009 Dec;11(12):761-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1559-4572.2009.00054.x.
6
Metabolic Syndrome: Sex-Related Cardiovascular Risk and Therapeutic Approach.代谢综合征：性别相关的心血管风险及治疗方法
Curr Med Chem. 2017;24(24):2602-2627. doi: 10.2174/0929867324666170710121145.
7
Components of metabolic syndrome and their combinations as predictors of cardiovascular disease in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes. Implications for improved definition. Analysis from Japan Diabetes Complications Study (JDCS).日本2型糖尿病患者代谢综合征的组成成分及其组合作为心血管疾病预测指标。对改进定义的启示。来自日本糖尿病并发症研究（JDCS）的分析
J Atheroscler Thromb. 2009 Aug;16(4):380-7. doi: 10.5551/jat.no117. Epub 2009 Aug 11.
8
Gender aspects of the role of the metabolic syndrome as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.代谢综合征作为心血管疾病危险因素的作用中的性别因素。
Gend Med. 2007;4 Suppl B:S162-77. doi: 10.1016/s1550-8579(07)80056-8.
9
Secular Trend of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components in a Cohort of Iranian Adults from 2001 to 2013.2001年至2013年伊朗成年人群队列中代谢综合征及其组分的长期趋势
Metab Syndr Relat Disord. 2017 Apr;15(3):137-144. doi: 10.1089/met.2016.0073. Epub 2017 Jan 30.
10
Cardiometabolic risk: a Framingham perspective.心血管代谢风险：基于弗雷明汉心脏研究的视角
Int J Obes (Lond). 2008 May;32 Suppl 2:S17-20. doi: 10.1038/ijo.2008.30.
引用本文的文献
1
Racial and ethnic differences in cardiometabolic predictors of white matter hyperintensities burden among males: The HABS-HD study.男性白质高信号负担的心脏代谢预测因素中的种族和民族差异：HABS-HD研究。
J Alzheimers Dis. 2025 Aug 4:13872877251365128. doi: 10.1177/13872877251365128.
2
Chronic Phase Shifts Are Associated With Higher Systolic Blood Pressure and Impaired Glucose Tolerance Independently of Estrogen Deficiency in Female Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats.慢性相位偏移与雌性自发性高血压大鼠的较高收缩压和糖耐量受损有关，且独立于雌激素缺乏。
J Biol Rhythms. 2025 Aug;40(4):384-399. doi: 10.1177/07487304251347464. Epub 2025 Jun 19.
3
Sex-specific cardiometabolic multimorbidity, metabolic syndrome and left ventricular function in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in the UK Biobank.英国生物银行中射血分数保留的心力衰竭患者的性别特异性心脏代谢多重疾病、代谢综合征与左心室功能
Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2025 Jun 4;24(1):238. doi: 10.1186/s12933-025-02788-4.
4
Early menopause in mothers and the risks of pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus in female and male offspring: a population-based cohort study.母亲早绝经与子代患糖尿病前期及2型糖尿病的风险：一项基于人群的队列研究
Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2025 May 22;23(1):76. doi: 10.1186/s12958-025-01405-z.
5
Can self-rated health be useful to primary care physicians as a diagnostic indicator of metabolic dysregulations amongst patients with type 2 diabetes? A population-based study.自我评估健康状况对基层医疗医生而言能否作为2型糖尿病患者代谢失调的诊断指标？一项基于人群的研究。
BMC Prim Care. 2025 May 16;26(1):171. doi: 10.1186/s12875-024-02671-3.
6
MASLD: Prevalence, Mechanisms, and Sex-Based Therapies in Postmenopausal Women.绝经后女性的代谢功能障碍相关脂肪性肝病：患病率、发病机制及基于性别的治疗方法
Biomedicines. 2025 Apr 2;13(4):855. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines13040855.
7
Prevalence of adverse cardiometabolic health markers in UK undergraduate university students: an observational cohort study.英国大学生不良心脏代谢健康标志物的患病率：一项观察性队列研究。
BMJ Open. 2025 Apr 27;15(4):e089771. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-089771.
8
The impact of sex on blood pressure.性别对血压的影响。
Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 2025 Jul 1;34(4):322-329. doi: 10.1097/MNH.0000000000001077. Epub 2025 Apr 7.
9
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Associated with Physical Fitness and Activity Levels: An Exploratory Study of US College Students.与体能和活动水平相关的心血管代谢风险因素：对美国大学生的一项探索性研究。
Int J Exerc Sci. 2025 Mar 1;18(8):379-393. doi: 10.70252/TWIX6855. eCollection 2025.
10
Dietary patterns derived by Gaussian graphical models and metabolic profiles among overweight and obese individuals.通过高斯图形模型得出的饮食模式与超重和肥胖个体的代谢谱
Sci Rep. 2025 Apr 5;15(1):11664. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-92361-6.
本文引用的文献
1
Evaluation and management of blood lipids through a woman's life cycle.女性生命周期中血脂的评估与管理。
Am J Prev Cardiol. 2022 Mar 13;10:100333. doi: 10.1016/j.ajpc.2022.100333. eCollection 2022 Jun.
2
Metabolic Syndrome: Updates on Pathophysiology and Management in 2021.代谢综合征：2021 年病理生理学和治疗管理的最新进展。
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Jan 12;23(2):786. doi: 10.3390/ijms23020786.
3
Non-invasive methods for imaging hepatic steatosis and their clinical importance in NAFLD.非侵入性方法用于成像肝脂肪变性及其在非酒精性脂肪性肝病中的临床重要性。
Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2022 Jan;18(1):55-66. doi: 10.1038/s41574-021-00584-0. Epub 2021 Nov 23.
4
Cardiovascular risk in menopausal women and our evolving understanding of menopausal hormone therapy: risks, benefits, and current guidelines for use.绝经后女性的心血管风险以及我们对绝经激素治疗的不断演变的认识：风险、益处及当前使用指南
Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab. 2021 Apr 30;12:20420188211013917. doi: 10.1177/20420188211013917. eCollection 2021.
5
Expression of Resistin, Chemerin, and Chemerin's Receptor in the Unstable Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaque.抵抗素、趋化素及其受体在不稳定颈动脉粥样硬化斑块中的表达。
Stroke. 2021 Aug;52(8):2537-2546. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.120.030228. Epub 2021 May 13.
6
Risk of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Events in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Women: A Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies.多囊卵巢综合征女性发生心血管和脑血管事件的风险：队列研究的荟萃分析
Front Cardiovasc Med. 2020 Nov 12;7:552421. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.552421. eCollection 2020.
7
Menopause Transition and Cardiovascular Disease Risk: Implications for Timing of Early Prevention: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association.绝经过渡期与心血管疾病风险：早期预防时机的影响——美国心脏协会科学声明。
Circulation. 2020 Dec 22;142(25):e506-e532. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000912. Epub 2020 Nov 30.
8
Risk for cardiovascular disease associated with metabolic syndrome and its components: a 13-year prospective study in the RIVANA cohort.代谢综合征及其组分与心血管疾病风险：RIVANA 队列的 13 年前瞻性研究。
Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2020 Nov 22;19(1):195. doi: 10.1186/s12933-020-01166-6.
9
What drives metabolic syndrome after menopause, and can we do anything about it?绝经后引发代谢综合征的原因是什么，我们对此能采取什么措施吗？
Menopause. 2020 Sep;27(9):972-973. doi: 10.1097/GME.0000000000001610.
10
Progression to type 2 diabetes in women with a known history of gestational diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis.已知有妊娠糖尿病史的女性发展为 2 型糖尿病的情况：系统评价和荟萃分析。
BMJ. 2020 May 13;369:m1361. doi: 10.1136/bmj.m1361.
Zotero 插件