与体能和活动水平相关的心血管代谢风险因素:对美国大学生的一项探索性研究。

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Associated with Physical Fitness and Activity Levels: An Exploratory Study of US College Students.

作者信息

Peterson Keegan T, Barraco Gabrielle, Rodgers Melissa, Niessner Jennifer, Bopp Melissa

机构信息

Pennsylvania State University, Department of Kinesiology, University Park, PA, USA.

出版信息

Int J Exerc Sci. 2025 Mar 1;18(8):379-393. doi: 10.70252/TWIX6855. eCollection 2025.

Abstract

College students are a vulnerable population at risk of developing and/or experiencing poor physical fitness and insufficient physical activity (PA) levels, both associated with poor cardiometabolic health. Thus, this study assessed the association of physical fitness and domain-specific PA levels on cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRFs) among college students. A volunteer sample of students enrolled in general health and wellness courses at a large, Northeastern U.S. institution from Spring 2023 - Spring 2024 (n=1418, 69.0% male, 89.9% non-Hispanic White) completed an objective health assessment as part of a required course assignment. CMRFs (e.g., cholesterol, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, waist circumference), cardiorespiratory fitness (e.g., VO max), and markers of muscular strength and endurance (e.g., pushups, curl ups, hand grip, sit and reach) were assessed. Participants were then invited to complete a subjective health assessment (e.g., demographics, PA). Separate, unadjusted linear regressions examined the association of physical fitness and domain-specific PA levels (e.g., moderate and vigorous PA, active transportation PA, muscle-strengthening, meeting PA guidelines) on CMRFs, by biological sex. Socio-demographics of race/ethnicity, sexual orientation, semester standing, and grade point average served as covariates in separate, adjusted models to assess potential associations. Among males and females, cardiorespiratory fitness and markers of muscular strength and endurance were significantly associated with CMRFs, while PA levels and socio-demographics were not. Tailored screening approaches may provide students with the required support to reduce later-life adverse coronary events. Future work is required to improve our understanding of the potential role socio-demographics play in CMRFs among young adults.

摘要

大学生是一个易受伤害的群体,有发展和/或经历身体素质差和身体活动(PA)水平不足的风险,这两者都与不良的心脏代谢健康有关。因此,本研究评估了大学生身体素质和特定领域PA水平与心脏代谢风险因素(CMRFs)之间的关联。2023年春季至2024年春季,在美国东北部一所大型机构参加普通健康与保健课程的学生志愿者样本(n = 1418,男性占69.0%,非西班牙裔白人占89.9%)完成了一项客观健康评估,作为必修课程作业的一部分。评估了CMRFs(如胆固醇、血压、空腹血糖、甘油三酯、腰围)、心肺适能(如最大摄氧量)以及肌肉力量和耐力指标(如俯卧撑、仰卧起坐、握力、坐位体前屈)。然后邀请参与者完成主观健康评估(如人口统计学、PA)。通过生物性别,采用单独的未调整线性回归分析了身体素质和特定领域PA水平(如中等强度和剧烈强度PA、主动交通PA、肌肉强化、达到PA指南)与CMRFs之间的关联。种族/民族、性取向、学期排名和平均绩点等社会人口统计学特征在单独的调整模型中作为协变量,以评估潜在关联。在男性和女性中,心肺适能以及肌肉力量和耐力指标与CMRFs显著相关,而PA水平和社会人口统计学特征则不然。量身定制的筛查方法可能会为学生提供所需的支持,以减少晚年不良冠状动脉事件。未来需要开展工作,以增进我们对社会人口统计学特征在年轻人CMRFs中潜在作用的理解。

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