Kazior Jan
Department of Material Engineering, Faculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Cracow University of Technology, 31-155 Krakow, Poland.
Materials (Basel). 2023 Jan 12;16(2):760. doi: 10.3390/ma16020760.
So far, unlike metal injection molding (MIM), conventional powder metallurgy technology (PM) has not been regarded as a method for producing structural elements from 17-4 PH powders, due to the problems of obtaining almost fully compacted shapes after sintering. Nevertheless, recent research demonstrates that it is possible to manufacture sintered parts with high strength by pressing and sintering. The purpose of the study was to determine the degree of densification of 17-4 PH sintered stainless steel during sintering at different temperatures and atmospheres. As a result of the study, it was pointed out that both the temperature and the sintering atmosphere play an essential role in the process of densification of the studied powders during sintering. The formation of delta ferrite and a more pronounced degree of spheroidization of the pores is activated by a higher sintering temperature. Furthermore, after solution-annealed and age-hardened treatment, sintered 17-4 PH stainless steel exhibits high strength with moderate ductility at a level that is difficult to achieve for other sintered stainless-steel grades, such as austenitic, ferritic and martensitic. In turn, the largest improvement in the pitting corrosion resistance in 0.5 M NaCl solution is reached by sintering at 1340 °C in hydrogen and after solid solution treatment.
到目前为止,与金属注射成型(MIM)不同,传统粉末冶金技术(PM)尚未被视为一种用17-4PH粉末生产结构元件的方法,这是由于烧结后难以获得几乎完全致密的形状。然而,最近的研究表明,通过压制和烧结可以制造出高强度的烧结零件。该研究的目的是确定17-4PH烧结不锈钢在不同温度和气氛下烧结时的致密化程度。研究结果表明,温度和烧结气氛在研究粉末烧结致密化过程中都起着至关重要的作用。较高的烧结温度会激活δ铁素体的形成以及孔隙更明显的球化程度。此外,经过固溶退火和时效硬化处理后,烧结的17-4PH不锈钢具有高强度和适度的延展性,这是其他烧结不锈钢等级(如奥氏体、铁素体和马氏体)难以达到的水平。反过来,在0.5M NaCl溶液中,点蚀抗性的最大改善是通过在氢气中1340°C烧结并经过固溶处理实现的。