Huang Chien-Chung, Chang Chun-Wei, Jahan Kousar, Wu Tzong-Ming, Shih Yeng-Fong
Department of Applied Chemistry, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung 41349, Taiwan.
Department of Aeronautical Engineering, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung 41349, Taiwan.
Materials (Basel). 2023 Jan 13;16(2):816. doi: 10.3390/ma16020816.
This study found that biochar made from grapevines (GVC), an agricultural waste product, can be used as a nucleating agent to promote the crystallization of polylactic acid (PLA). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis of GVC/PLA composites showed that different particle sizes (200 and 100 mesh size) and amounts (1 wt%, 10 wt%) of biochar affect the re-crystallization of PLA, with 200 mesh GVC in the amount of 10 wt% being the most significant. In addition, it was found that there were two peaks related to imperfect and perfect crystals in the T part for GVC/PLA composites. TGA analysis showed that adding GVC tends to lower the maximum decomposition temperature of PLA, revealing that GVC may accelerate the degradation reaction of PLA. This research also studied the effects of GVC in various particle sizes and amounts on the mechanical properties and degradation of PLA. The results revealed that the tensile and impact strengths of GVC/PLA composite could reach 79.79 MPa and 22.67 J/m, respectively, and the increments were 41.4% and 32.1%, greater than those of pristine PLA. Moreover, the molecular weight of PLA decreased as the amount of GVC increased. Therefore, GVC particles can be used as reinforcing fillers for PLA to improve its mechanical properties and adjust its molecular weight. These agricultural-waste-reinforced biocomposites can reduce both greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and the cost of biodegradable polymers and achieve the goals of a circular economy.
本研究发现，由农业废弃物葡萄藤制成的生物炭（GVC）可作为成核剂促进聚乳酸（PLA）的结晶。对GVC/PLA复合材料的差示扫描量热法（DSC）分析表明，不同粒径（200目和100目）和不同用量（1 wt%、10 wt%）的生物炭会影响PLA的再结晶，其中10 wt%的200目GVC影响最为显著。此外，发现GVC/PLA复合材料在T部分存在与不完善晶体和完善晶体相关的两个峰。热重分析（TGA）表明，添加GVC往往会降低PLA的最大分解温度，这表明GVC可能会加速PLA的降解反应。本研究还研究了不同粒径和用量的GVC对PLA力学性能和降解的影响。结果表明，GVC/PLA复合材料的拉伸强度和冲击强度分别可达79.79 MPa和22.67 J/m，增幅分别为41.4%和32.1%，高于纯PLA。此外，PLA的分子量随着GVC用量的增加而降低。因此，GVC颗粒可作为PLA的增强填料，以改善其力学性能并调节其分子量。这些农业废弃物增强生物复合材料既能减少温室气体（GHG）排放，又能降低可生物降解聚合物的成本，实现循环经济的目标。
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