College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA.
Nutrients. 2023 Jan 16;15(2):460. doi: 10.3390/nu15020460.
There were three objectives: (1) evaluate the relationship between legume intake and weight change across the previous 10 years, (2) examine the cross-sectional associations between legume consumption, BMI, and abdominal adiposity, and (3) determine if the relationship between legume intake and the outcomes were influenced by multiple covariates, particularly fiber intake. The sample included 15,185 randomly selected adults representative of the U.S. population. Percent change in weight was used as the outcome measure for the 10-year analysis. BMI, and waist circumference, corrected for height, were employed as the outcomes for the cross-sectional analyses. Legume, fiber, and energy intakes were measured using the average of two 24-h dietary recalls. Legume intake was divided into three categories. Five demographic and five lifestyle covariates were controlled statistically. There was an inverse dose-response relationship between legume intake and percent weight change over the previous 10 years after adjusting for 9 of the covariates (F = 6.5, = 0.0028). However, after controlling for fiber with the other covariates, there were no differences across the three legume intake groups (F = 1.9, = 0.1626). The cross-sectional findings showed similar inverse dose-response results until fiber intake was controlled. Then the associations became non-significant. In conclusion, legume intake is a good predictor of percent weight change over the previous 10 years, and it is also a significant predictor of BMI and abdominal adiposity cross-sectionally. These relationships are strongly influenced by fiber consumption. Evidently, legumes have dietary advantages, especially high fiber levels, that seem to be valuable in the battle against weight gain and obesity.
（1）评估过去 10 年中豆类摄入量与体重变化之间的关系，（2）检查豆类消费与 BMI 和腹部肥胖之间的横断面关联，（3）确定豆类摄入量与结果之间的关系是否受多种协变量的影响，特别是纤维摄入量。该样本包括 15185 名随机选择的具有美国代表性的成年人。体重的百分比变化被用作 10 年分析的结果。BMI 和腰围，按身高校正，用于横断面分析的结果。豆类、纤维和能量摄入量使用两次 24 小时膳食回忆的平均值进行测量。豆类摄入量分为三类。统计控制了五个人口统计学和五个生活方式协变量。在调整了 9 个协变量后（F = 6.5， = 0.0028），豆类摄入量与过去 10 年体重百分比变化之间存在负相关关系。然而，在用其他协变量控制纤维后，三个豆类摄入量组之间没有差异（F = 1.9， = 0.1626）。横断面研究结果表明，直到控制纤维摄入量之前，存在类似的负剂量反应结果。然后关联变得不显著。总之，豆类摄入量是过去 10 年体重百分比变化的良好预测指标，也是 BMI 和腹部肥胖的横断面显著预测指标。这些关系受到纤维消耗的强烈影响。显然，豆类具有饮食优势，特别是高纤维水平，这在对抗体重增加和肥胖方面似乎很有价值。
