Di Bello Francesco, Di Mauro Ernesto, Collà Ruvolo Claudia, Creta Massimiliano, La Rocca Roberto, Celentano Giuseppe, Capece Marco, Napolitano Luigi, Fraia Agostino, Pezone Gabriele, Morra Simone, Imbimbo Ciro, Mirone Vincenzo, Longo Nicola, Califano Gianluigi
Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Pansini, 80138 Naples, Italy.
Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Dec 30;11(1):92. doi: 10.3390/vaccines11010092.
YouTube is an open-access source for mass information. Several previous studies of YouTube videos showed a high rate of misinformation in the urological field. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the quality of information on immunotherapy (IMT) for urological tumors uploaded to YouTube.
YouTube videos were searched using nine keyword combinations. The PEMAT, the DISCERN tool, and the Misinformation scale were used to assess the quality of information in YouTube videos about IMT for urological tumors. Descriptive statistics and Kruskal-Wallis, Chi-square, proportion, and Pearson's tests were performed.
According to the selection criteria, 156 YouTube videos were suitable for the analysis and stratified according to topic (urothelial carcinoma vs. renal cell cancer vs. prostate cancer vs. general information on IMT). According to PEMAT A/V, the overall Understandability score was 40% (Inter-Quartile Range [IQR]: 20-61.5) and the overall Actionability score was 0% (IQR: 0-25). According to the DISCERN tool, the overall DISCERN score was 44 (IQR: 39-53.2), defined as "". According to the Misinformation scale, we recorded the lowest median overall score for item 4 ("IMT in multimodality approach") and item 5 ("Future perspective").
YouTube cannot be recommended as a reliable source of information on IMT for urological malignancies. In addition, YouTube videos contributed to the spread of misinformation by underestimating the role of IMT in a multimodality approach and missing the findings of published clinical trial results.
YouTube是一个大众信息的开放获取来源。此前多项关于YouTube视频的研究表明，泌尿外科领域存在大量错误信息。本研究的目的是评估上传至YouTube的关于泌尿外科肿瘤免疫治疗（IMT）的信息质量。
使用九种关键词组合在YouTube上搜索视频。采用PEMAT、DISCERN工具和错误信息量表来评估YouTube上关于泌尿外科肿瘤IMT的视频信息质量。进行描述性统计以及Kruskal-Wallis检验、卡方检验、比例检验和Pearson检验。
根据选择标准，156个YouTube视频适合进行分析，并根据主题（尿路上皮癌、肾细胞癌、前列腺癌、IMT的一般信息）进行分层。根据PEMAT A/V，总体可理解性得分是40%（四分位间距[IQR]：20 - 61.5），总体可操作性得分是0%（IQR：0 - 25）。根据DISCERN工具，总体DISCERN得分是44（IQR：39 - 53.2），定义为“”。根据错误信息量表，我们记录到第4项（“多模式治疗中的IMT”）和第5项（“未来展望”）的总体中位数得分最低。
不建议将YouTube作为泌尿外科恶性肿瘤IMT可靠的信息来源。此外，YouTube视频低估了IMT在多模式治疗中的作用，且未提及已发表的临床试验结果，从而导致了错误信息的传播。
