Ni Chen-Xu, Fei Yi-Bo, Wu Ran, Cao Wen-Xiang, Liu Wenhao, Huang Fang, Shen Fu-Ming, Li Dong-Jie
Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.
JMIR Form Res. 2024 Feb 7;8:e50561. doi: 10.2196/50561.
Tumor immunotherapy is an innovative treatment today, but there are limited data on the quality of immunotherapy information on social networks. Dissemination of misinformation through the internet is a major social issue.
Our objective was to characterize the quality of information and presence of misinformation about tumor immunotherapy on internet-based videos commonly used by the Chinese population.
Using the keyword "tumor immunotherapy" in Chinese, we searched TikTok, Tencent, iQIYI, and BiliBili on March 5, 2022. We reviewed the 118 screened videos using the Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool-a validated instrument to collect consumer health information. DISCERN quality criteria and the JAMA (Journal of the American Medical Association) Benchmark Criteria were used for assessing the quality and reliability of the health information. The videos' content was also evaluated.
The 118 videos about tumor immunotherapy were mostly uploaded by channels dedicated to lectures, health-related animations, and interviews; their median length was 5 minutes, and 79% of them were published in and after 2018. The median understandability and actionability of the videos were 71% and 71%, respectively. However, the quality of information was moderate to poor on the validated DISCERN and JAMA assessments. Only 12 videos contained misinformation (score of >1 out of 5). Videos with a doctor (lectures and interviews) not only were significantly less likely to contain misinformation but also had better quality and a greater forwarding number. Moreover, the results showed that more than half of the videos contain little or no content on the risk factors and management of tumor immunotherapy. Overall, over half of the videos had some or more information on the definition, symptoms, evaluation, and outcomes of tumor immunotherapy.
Although the quality of immunotherapy information on internet-based videos commonly used by Chinese people is moderate, these videos have less misinformation and better content. Caution must be exercised when using these videos as a source of tumor immunotherapy-related information.
肿瘤免疫疗法是当今一种创新的治疗方法，但关于社交网络上免疫疗法信息质量的数据有限。通过互联网传播错误信息是一个重大的社会问题。
我们的目的是描述中国人群常用的基于互联网的视频中关于肿瘤免疫疗法的信息质量及错误信息的存在情况。
2022年3月5日，我们使用中文关键词“肿瘤免疫疗法”在抖音、腾讯、爱奇艺和哔哩哔哩上进行搜索。我们使用患者教育材料评估工具（一种经过验证的收集消费者健康信息的工具）对筛选出的118个视频进行了审查。采用DISCERN质量标准和《美国医学会杂志》（JAMA）基准标准来评估健康信息的质量和可靠性。还对视频内容进行了评估。
118个关于肿瘤免疫疗法的视频大多由专门从事讲座、健康相关动画和访谈的频道上传；视频的中位数时长为5分钟，其中79%在2018年及以后发布。视频的中位数可理解性和可操作性分别为71%和71%。然而，在经过验证的DISCERN和JAMA评估中，信息质量为中等至较差。只有12个视频包含错误信息（5分制得分>1分）。有医生参与的视频（讲座和访谈）不仅包含错误信息的可能性显著较低，而且质量更好，转发量更大。此外，结果表明，超过一半的视频几乎没有或完全没有关于肿瘤免疫疗法的风险因素和管理的内容。总体而言，超过一半的视频有一些或更多关于肿瘤免疫疗法的定义、症状、评估和结果的信息。
尽管中国人常用的基于互联网的视频中免疫疗法信息的质量中等，但这些视频中的错误信息较少，内容较好。将这些视频用作肿瘤免疫疗法相关信息的来源时必须谨慎。
